外教社翻譯碩士專業(yè)（MTI）系列教材：同聲傳譯中的推理與預(yù)期
定 價(jià)：35 元
叢書名：口譯實(shí)踐指南叢書
- 作者：張愛玲
- 出版時(shí)間：2011/1/1
- ISBN：9787544620390
- 出 版 社：上海外語教育出版社
- 中圖法分類：H059
- 頁碼：266
- 紙張：膠版紙
- 版次：1
- 開本：16開
《同聲傳譯中的推理與預(yù)期》首先從心理語言學(xué)的角度對(duì)同聲傳譯的研究進(jìn)行了解析，并得出了結(jié)論：同聲傳譯是一種獨(dú)特的極限認(rèn)知條件下的人類語言活動(dòng)，受制于短期的記憶。然后作者又從語義學(xué)和語用學(xué)角度分析了語篇各個(gè)層面的冗余信息的產(chǎn)生，并提出了“同傳的概率預(yù)期模型”�！锻晜髯g中的推理與預(yù)期》提供了一個(gè)全面、綜合、跨學(xué)科的方法來描述同傳的工作機(jī)制，用科學(xué)的方法對(duì)同聲傳譯以及同傳議員等相關(guān)議題進(jìn)行了詮釋。
G.V.切爾諾夫，曾任俄羅斯駐聯(lián)合國的首席口譯員，1991年起任莫斯科國際口譯學(xué)院（MIIS）院長，1995年起任莫斯科國立語言學(xué)院口譯理論、歷史及實(shí)踐研究教授。
Editors critical foreword
Foreword
Abbreviations and symbols
CHAPTER 1 The psycholinguistic approach to SI research
1.SI and the linguistic theory of translation
2.The methodological basis of a psycholinguistic approach to SI
3.The object of SI psycholinguistic research
CHAPTER 2 Speed， memory and simultaneity： Speech processing under unusual constraints
4.Simultaneity in SI
5.Time constraints
6.Externally controlled pace of activity
7.Recited texts vs.improvised discourse
CHAPTER 3 The semantic and pragmatic structure of discourse
8.Word meaning
9.Polysemy and synonymy in discourse
10.Componential analysis of meaning
11.Semantic agreement： A combinatory law of discourse
12.Semantic redundancy in discourse
13.Semantic redundancy in discourse： An example
CHAPTER 4 Semantic structure and objective semantic redundancy
14.The concept of sense
15.Theme of communication， object of an utterance， and foregrounding
16.The semantic structure of discourse and its basic components
17.Semantic structure as the object and product of SI
CHAPTER 5 Communicative context and subjective redundancy
18.Implicit sense and inference
19.Linguistic inference
20.Cognitive inference
21.Situational inference
22.Pragmatic inference
23.The communicative situation of simultaneous interpretation
24.Discourse equivalent
25.Interdependence of situation and semantic structure in inferencing
26.Situational factors in comprehension： An illustration
CHAPTER 6 A probability anticipation model for SI
27.The principle of anticipatory reflection of reality
28.Message development probability anticipation
29.Multilevel redundancy and probability anticilSation
30.Cumulative dynamic analysis （CDA） and the range of probability anticipation
31.Towards the internal programme for the TL utterance
CHAPTER 7 Theme and compression
32.The thematic （referential） component of discourse in SI
33.Redundancy in Spanish public speaking
34.Types of speech compression in SI
CHAPTER 8 Rheme and information density
35.Perception by information density peaks
36.Loss of information due to a missed rheme
37.Strong rheme， weak rheme， chain of referents
38.The dominant evaluative rheme in a political discourse
39.Rendering the evaluative component in SI
CHAPTER 9 Syntax and communicative word order
40.The internal programme for the TL utterance： Whole or broken?
41.Word order and communicative syntax
42.Syntactic complexity， logical sequence and working memory
43.Short and extended predicates
CHAPTER 10 SI and Anokhins theory of activity
44.SI as a functional system
45.Probability anticipation as a multilevel mechanism
46.Self-monitoring or feedback
47.The efficiency of the SI communicative act and the SI invariant
CHAPTER 11 Anticipation and Sh An experiment
CHAPTER 12 Conclusion
Notes
References
TRANSCRIPTS
Appendix A
Buenos Aires corpus - UN， 1978， Experiment in Remote Interpreting
Appendix B
United Nations General Assembly sessions
Appendix C
Texts with two types of test items used as input in an SI probability anticipation experiment （Chernov 1978）Name index
Subject index
In addition，the act of speaking requires US to make physiological pauses to breathe in enough air for phonation．One would be tempted to assume that a pause for breath in speech would coincide with either a syntactic or hesitation pause，or both．Fodor，Bever and Garrett（1 974）found that in fluent speech breathing tends to occur at syntactic boundaries；and that it does not coincide With hesitation pauses in non-fluent speech．The researchers explain these findings by the integration of respiration with sentence-planning， in a well-planned speech respiration patterns are also appropriately positioned．
As Dejean le Ftal has shown，a prepared speech recited by a speaker at the rostrum is segmented quite differently from adfib or improvised defivery．In her French-to-German SI corpus，chunk length between pauses in the recited speech was usually seven words or more，rising to a maximum of 23 words，as compared to less than seven words and a maximum of nine in improvised speech．This created the impression of an abnormally high rate of speaking during recited speech when objectively there was no significant difference in delivery rates between reading and spontaneous speech as measured in wpm．
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