第一章 信息和信息系統(tǒng)概述 ·············· 1 第一節(jié) 信息概述 ····························· 2 一、信息的概念 ························· 2 二、數(shù)據(jù)、信息、知識(shí)和 智慧的關(guān)系 ························· 2 三、信息價(jià)值及其度量 ················ 4 第二節(jié) 系統(tǒng)、信息系統(tǒng)的定義、 特征和分類 ·························· 5 一、系統(tǒng)的定義、特征和分類 ······· 5 二、信息系統(tǒng)的定義、特征和 分類 ·································· 8 第三節(jié) 信息系統(tǒng)在企業(yè)運(yùn)營(yíng)和 管理中的作用 ······················ 10 一、為企業(yè)決策和控制提供 保障 ································· 10 二、優(yōu)化企業(yè)的業(yè)務(wù)流程 ············ 10 三、提高企業(yè)的客戶服務(wù)水平 ······ 10 四、加強(qiáng)企業(yè)的安全管理 ············ 10 五、促進(jìn)企業(yè)資源的利用 ············ 10 本章小結(jié) ········································ 12 習(xí)題 ·············································· 12 第二章 管理信息系統(tǒng) ························ 15 第一節(jié) 管理信息系統(tǒng)概述 ················ 16 一、管理信息系統(tǒng)的 起源和發(fā)展 ························ 16 二、管理信息系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn) ············ 17 三、管理信息系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu) ············ 18 第二節(jié) 管理信息系統(tǒng)的分類 ············· 25 一、按組織職能分類 ·················· 25 二、按信息處理層次分類 ············ 25 三、按綜合結(jié)構(gòu)分類 ················· 25 四、按所使用的技術(shù)手段分類 ····· 26 五、按信息處理方式分類 ··········· 26 六、按信息服務(wù)對(duì)象分類 ··········· 26 第三節(jié) 管理信息系統(tǒng)的功能 ············ 27 一、數(shù)據(jù)處理功能 ···················· 27 二、預(yù)測(cè)功能 ·························· 27 三、計(jì)劃功能 ·························· 28 四、控制功能 ·························· 28 五、輔助決策功能 ···················· 28 本章小結(jié) ······································· 28 習(xí)題 ············································· 29 第三章 組織與戰(zhàn)略、組織架構(gòu)和 業(yè)務(wù)流程 ······························ 32 第一節(jié) 組織與戰(zhàn)略 ························ 33 一、組織 ································ 33 二、戰(zhàn)略 ································ 35 三、組織與戰(zhàn)略的關(guān)系 ·············· 36 第二節(jié) 組織架構(gòu) ··························· 37 一、組織架構(gòu)概述 ···················· 37 二、組織架構(gòu)的模式 ················· 39 三、組織架構(gòu)的優(yōu)化 ················· 40 第三節(jié) 業(yè)務(wù)流程 ··························· 41 一、業(yè)務(wù)流程概述 ···················· 41 二、業(yè)務(wù)流程圖 ······················· 43 三、業(yè)務(wù)流程重組 ···················· 46 第四節(jié) 【實(shí)例】廣西君武糖業(yè)集團(tuán) 組織架構(gòu)及業(yè)務(wù)流程設(shè)計(jì) ······ 50 一、廣西君武糖業(yè)集團(tuán) 組織架構(gòu) ·························· 50 二、廣西君武糖業(yè)集團(tuán)各 模塊業(yè)務(wù)流程 ····················· 52 本章小結(jié) ········································ 54 習(xí)題 ·············································· 55 第四章 信息系統(tǒng)中的商業(yè)倫理與 信息監(jiān)控 ······························· 57 第一節(jié) 信息系統(tǒng)中的商業(yè) 倫理概述 ···························· 58 一、商業(yè)倫理的相關(guān)概念 ············ 58 二、商業(yè)倫理的特征、 功能與作用 ························ 59 三、信息系統(tǒng)中的商業(yè)倫理 ········· 61 第二節(jié) 信息系統(tǒng)中的個(gè)人隱私 ·········· 64 一、個(gè)人隱私 ··························· 64 二、個(gè)人信息與個(gè)人隱私的 關(guān)系 ································· 65 三、大數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)代個(gè)人隱私的 保護(hù) ································· 66 第三節(jié) 信息系統(tǒng)中的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán) ·········· 69 一、知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的概念 ·················· 69 二、商業(yè)秘密的特征 ·················· 70 三、商業(yè)秘密的分類 ·················· 71 本章小結(jié) ········································ 71 習(xí)題 ·············································· 72 【實(shí)驗(yàn)4-1】廣西君武糖業(yè)集團(tuán)信息 系統(tǒng)中的信息監(jiān)控 ················ 74 一、系統(tǒng)日志 ··························· 74 二、系統(tǒng)進(jìn)程 ··························· 75 三、用戶狀態(tài) ··························· 76 四、用戶歷史 ··························· 77 第五章 管理信息系統(tǒng)的技術(shù)基礎(chǔ) ········ 79 第一節(jié) 數(shù)據(jù)采集 ···························· 80 一、數(shù)據(jù)采集的概念 ·················· 80 二、數(shù)據(jù)采集方式 ····················· 80 第二節(jié) 數(shù)據(jù)組織 ···························· 81 一、數(shù)據(jù)組織的概念 ·················· 81 二、數(shù)據(jù)組織的層次 ·················· 81 三、數(shù)據(jù)組織的維度 ················· 82 第三節(jié) 數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu) ··························· 83 一、物理結(jié)構(gòu) ·························· 83 二、邏輯結(jié)構(gòu) ·························· 90 第四節(jié) 計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù) ·················· 98 一、計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)概述 ················· 98 二、計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)體系結(jié)構(gòu) ·········· 104 三、Internet/Intranet/Extranet ······· 110 四、物聯(lián)網(wǎng) ···························· 114 第五節(jié) 云計(jì)算技術(shù)與大數(shù)據(jù)技術(shù) ····· 116 一、云計(jì)算技術(shù) ······················ 116 二、大數(shù)據(jù)技術(shù) ······················ 117 本章小結(jié) ······································ 119 習(xí)題 ············································ 119 第六章 數(shù)據(jù)管理與數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) ··············· 122 第一節(jié) 管理信息系統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)管理 ····· 123 一、數(shù)據(jù)管理概述 ··················· 123 二、管理信息系統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù) 管理方法 ························· 129 第二節(jié) 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)、數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理系統(tǒng) 與數(shù)據(jù)模型 ······················· 130 一、數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) ···························· 130 二、數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理系統(tǒng) ················ 136 三、數(shù)據(jù)模型 ························· 139 第三節(jié) 關(guān)系模式與關(guān)系模式規(guī)范 ····· 143 一、關(guān)系模式 ························· 143 二、關(guān)系模式規(guī)范 ··················· 144 第四節(jié) 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì) ······················· 145 一、需求分析 ························· 146 二、概念結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) ··················· 146 三、邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) ··················· 146 四、物理結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) ··················· 149 第五節(jié) 數(shù)據(jù)模式 ·························· 151 一、三級(jí)模式 ························· 151 二、兩級(jí)映射 ························· 152 第六節(jié) 從數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)獲取信息的工具 ····· 153 一、SQL 查詢 ························· 153 二、ETL 工具 ························· 157 三、數(shù)據(jù)API ························· 159 四、數(shù)據(jù)抽取器 ······················ 160 五、數(shù)據(jù)分析工具 ··················· 160 第七節(jié) 業(yè)務(wù)數(shù)據(jù)的查詢與分析 工具——SAP HANA ··········· 160 一、SAP HANA 簡(jiǎn)介 ··············· 160 二、SAP HANA 架構(gòu) ··············· 161 三、SAP HANA 的優(yōu)勢(shì) ············ 163 本章小結(jié) ······································ 164 習(xí)題 ············································ 165 【實(shí)驗(yàn)6-1】SAP HANA Studio 與 信息建模 ·························· 167 一、SAP HANA Studio ············· 167 二、信息建模 ························· 168 第七章 信息系統(tǒng)安全 ······················ 171 第一節(jié) 信息系統(tǒng)安全概述 ·············· 172 一、信息系統(tǒng)安全的概念 ·········· 172 二、信息系統(tǒng)安全的內(nèi)容 ·········· 172 第二節(jié) 信息安全概述 ···················· 174 一、信息安全的概念 ················ 174 二、信息安全的內(nèi)容 ················ 174 第三節(jié) 信息安全技術(shù) ···················· 175 一、信息安全技術(shù)的概念 ·········· 175 二、常見(jiàn)的信息安全技術(shù) ·········· 175 三、信息安全技術(shù)的應(yīng)用 ·········· 177 四、信息安全技術(shù)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì) ···· 178 第四節(jié) SAP HANA 安全管理 ·········· 180 一、信息安全管理 ··················· 180 二、SAP HANA 安全管理 ········· 181 本章小結(jié) ······································ 183 習(xí)題 ············································ 184 第八章 供應(yīng)鏈與供應(yīng)鏈管理 ··········· 186 第一節(jié) 供應(yīng)鏈與供應(yīng)鏈管理概述 ····· 187 一、供應(yīng)鏈概述 ······················ 187 二、供應(yīng)鏈管理概述 ················ 190 第二節(jié) 供應(yīng)鏈管理系統(tǒng) ················· 194 一、供應(yīng)鏈管理系統(tǒng)的概念 ······· 194 二、供應(yīng)鏈管理系統(tǒng)的價(jià)值 ······· 194 三、供應(yīng)鏈管理系統(tǒng)的模塊 ······· 195 四、供應(yīng)鏈管理系統(tǒng)中的信息 ···· 196 第三節(jié) 推式供應(yīng)鏈業(yè)務(wù)流程 ··········· 197 一、推式供應(yīng)鏈的概念 ············· 197 二、推式供應(yīng)鏈的運(yùn)作模式 ······· 197 三、推式供應(yīng)鏈的特點(diǎn)和 適用場(chǎng)合 ························· 197 四、推式供應(yīng)鏈業(yè)務(wù)流程 ·········· 198 第四節(jié) 拉式供應(yīng)鏈業(yè)務(wù)流程 ··········· 199 一、拉式供應(yīng)鏈的概念 ············· 199 二、拉式供應(yīng)鏈的運(yùn)作模式 ······· 199 三、拉式供應(yīng)鏈的特點(diǎn)和 適用場(chǎng)合 ························· 199 四、拉式供應(yīng)鏈的業(yè)務(wù)流程 ······· 200 第五節(jié) 供應(yīng)鏈驅(qū)動(dòng)方式選擇 ··········· 200 一、供應(yīng)鏈驅(qū)動(dòng)方式選擇策略 ···· 200 二、推拉結(jié)合的供應(yīng)鏈 整合運(yùn)作模式 ··················· 201 本章小結(jié) ······································ 202 習(xí)題 ············································ 203 【實(shí)驗(yàn)8-1】廣西君武糖業(yè)集團(tuán)拉式 供應(yīng)鏈整體業(yè)務(wù)流程 ··········· 205 第九章 商務(wù)智能與商務(wù)數(shù)據(jù)分析 ······· 208 第一節(jié) 商務(wù)智能概述 ···················· 209 一、商務(wù)智能的概念 ················ 209 二、商務(wù)智能的發(fā)展 ················ 209 三、商務(wù)智能的前景分析 ·········· 211 第二節(jié) 商務(wù)智能系統(tǒng)的基本架構(gòu) ····· 214 一、數(shù)據(jù)源層 ························· 214 二、數(shù)據(jù)倉(cāng)庫(kù)層 ······················ 215 三、數(shù)據(jù)整合層 ······················ 216 四、數(shù)據(jù)分析層 ······················ 217 五、數(shù)據(jù)展現(xiàn)層 ······················ 222 第三節(jié) 數(shù)據(jù)的模型和商業(yè)價(jià)值 ········ 223 一、數(shù)據(jù)的模型 ······················ 223 二、數(shù)據(jù)的商業(yè)價(jià)值 ················ 224 第四節(jié) 商務(wù)數(shù)據(jù)分析 ···················· 225 一、商務(wù)數(shù)據(jù)概述 ··················· 225 二、商務(wù)數(shù)據(jù)分析概述 ············· 226 第五節(jié) 數(shù)據(jù)分析工具——Python ······ 230 一、應(yīng)用Python 進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù) 清洗與規(guī)整 ······················ 230 二、數(shù)據(jù)的分組與聚合 ············· 232 三、時(shí)間序列數(shù)據(jù)分析 ············· 232 四、Python 在財(cái)務(wù)會(huì)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù) 分析中的應(yīng)用 ··················· 233 第六節(jié) 數(shù)據(jù)可視化 ······················· 234 一、折線圖 ···························· 234 二、餅（狀）圖 ······················ 236 第七節(jié) 數(shù)據(jù)挖掘及其商業(yè)應(yīng)用 ········ 238 一、數(shù)據(jù)挖掘的概念 ················ 238 二、數(shù)據(jù)挖掘的步驟 ················ 238 三、數(shù)據(jù)挖掘的方法 ················ 240 四、數(shù)據(jù)挖掘的成功案例 ·········· 251 本章小結(jié) ······································ 251 習(xí)題 ············································ 252 【實(shí)驗(yàn)9-1】電子商務(wù)數(shù)據(jù)分析 ·········· 253 第十章 信息系統(tǒng)項(xiàng)目管理 ··············· 255 第一節(jié) 項(xiàng)目管理 ·························· 256 一、項(xiàng)目管理概述 ··················· 256 二、項(xiàng)目管理技術(shù) ··················· 257 三、會(huì)計(jì)項(xiàng)目管理 ··················· 262 第二節(jié) 項(xiàng)目管理結(jié)構(gòu)體系 ·············· 264 一、項(xiàng)目管理組織結(jié)構(gòu)的定義 ···· 264 二、項(xiàng)目管理組織結(jié)構(gòu)的類型 ···· 265 三、如何選擇適合的項(xiàng)目 管理組織結(jié)構(gòu) ··················· 265 第三節(jié) 項(xiàng)目管理模塊主數(shù)據(jù) ··········· 267 一、主數(shù)據(jù)管理概述 ················ 267 二、主數(shù)據(jù)管理框架和流程 ······· 268 三、主數(shù)據(jù)管理實(shí)現(xiàn)過(guò)程中 遇到的一些關(guān)鍵技術(shù)挑戰(zhàn) ···· 269 本章小結(jié) ······································ 269 習(xí)題 ············································ 270 第十一章 碳中和背景下的 管理信息系統(tǒng) ··················· 273 第一節(jié) 碳中和概述 ······················· 274 一、碳中和的基本概念 ············· 274 二、碳中和提出的背景和意義 ···· 274 三、我國(guó)碳中和的實(shí)現(xiàn) ············· 274 第二節(jié) 碳中和下的碳管理系統(tǒng) ········ 277 一、碳管理系統(tǒng)的概念和建立 碳管理系統(tǒng)的重要性 ·········· 277 二、碳管理系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵要素和 碳管理系統(tǒng)的作用 ············· 277 三、建立碳管理系統(tǒng)的步驟 ······· 278 第三節(jié) 碳管理系統(tǒng)建設(shè)中存在的 問(wèn)題和面臨的挑戰(zhàn) ·············· 279 一、碳管理系統(tǒng)建設(shè)中存在的 問(wèn)題 ······························· 280 二、碳管理系統(tǒng)建設(shè)中面臨的 挑戰(zhàn) ······························· 280 本章小結(jié) ······································ 281 習(xí)題 ············································ 281 參考文獻(xiàn) ··········································· 284