CONTENTS Lesson One Historical Context ……………………………………………………1 1　The First Half of the Twentieth Century …………………………………1 2　The Second Half of the Twentieth Century………………………………6 3　Study Questions……………………………………………………………8 Lesson Two Joseph Conrad …………………………………………………… 9 1　Life…………………………………………………………………………9 2　Literary Career and Major Writings………………………………………11 3　Attitudes and Views………………………………………………………13 4　Aesthetic Principles and Writing Techniques………………………………19 5　Selected Readings…………………………………………………………22 Heart of Darkness / “Preface to The Nigger of the ‘Narcissus’” 6　 Study Questions……………………………………………………………33 Lesson Three E. M. Forster……………………………………………………34 1　Life…………………………………………………………………………34 2　Literary Career and Major Writings………………………………………36 3　Attitudes and Views………………………………………………………39 4　Aesthetic Principles and Writing Techniques………………………………44 5　 Commentary………………………………………………………………47 A Passage to India / Aspects of the Novel 6　Study Questions ……………………………………………………………54 Lesson Four Katherine Mansfield……………………………………………55 1　Life…………………………………………………………………………55 2　Literary Career and Major Writings………………………………………57 3　Attitudes and Views………………………………………………………57 4　Aesthetic Principles and Writing Techniques………………………………60 5　Selected Readings…………………………………………………………64 “The Garden Party” / “Seriousness in Art” 6　Study Questions…………………………………………………………… 78 Lesson Five William Butler Yeats……………………………………………… 79 1　Life………………………………………………………………………… 79 2　Literary Career and Major Writings… …………………………………… 81 3　Attitudes and Views… …………………………………………………… 82 4　Aesthetic Principles and Writing Techniques……………………………… 85 5　Selected Readings… ……………………………………………………… 90 “The Lake Isle of Innisfree” / “Easter, 1916” / “Sailing to Byzantium” / “Ireland and the Arts” 6　Study Questions…………………………………………………………… 99 Lesson Six D. H. Lawrence… ……………………………………………… 100 1　Life……………………………………………………………………… 100 2　Literary Career and Major Writings… ………………………………… 102 3　Attitudes and Views… ………………………………………………… 105 4　Aesthetic Principles and Writing Techniques…………………………… 109 5　Selected Readings… …………………………………………………… 112 The Rainbow / “Nottingham and the Mining Country” 6　Study Questions………………………………………………………… 124 Lesson Seven T. S. Eliot … ………………………………………………… 125 1　Life……………………………………………………………………… 125 2　Literary Career and Major Writings… ………………………………… 127 3　Attitudes and Views… ………………………………………………… 129 4　Aesthetic Principles and Writing Techniques…………………………… 135 5　Commentary… ………………………………………………………… 138 The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock / The Waste Land / “Tradition and the Individual Talent” 6　Study Questions………………………………………………………… 147 Lesson Eight James Joyce…………………………………………………… 148 1　Life……………………………………………………………………… 148 2　Literary Career and Major Works… …………………………………… 150 3　 Attitudes and Views… ………………………………………………… 152 4　Aesthetic Principles and Writing Techniques … ……………………… 155 5　Selected Readings… …………………………………………………… 161 A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man / Joyce’s Letter to Grant Richards, May 5, 1906 6　 Study Questions…………………………………………………………173 Lesson Nine Virginia Woolf…………………………………………………174 1　Life………………………………………………………………………174 2　Literary Career and Major Works………………………………………175 3　Attitudes and Views……………………………………………………178 4　Aesthetic Principles and Writing Techniques……………………………183 5　Selected Readings………………………………………………………187 Mrs. Dalloway / “Modern Fiction” 6　Study Questions…………………………………………………………200 Lesson Ten Aldous Huxley…………………………………………………201 1　Life………………………………………………………………………201 2　Literary Career and Major Works………………………………………203 3　Attitudes and Views……………………………………………………205 4　Aesthetic Principles and Writing Techniques……………………………210 5　Commentary……………………………………………………………213 Brave New World / “Science and Civilization” 6　Study Questions…………………………………………………………221 Lesson Eleven Samuel Beckett………………………………………………222 1　Life………………………………………………………………………222 2　Literary Career and Major Writings……………………………………223 3　Attitudes and Views……………………………………………………224 4　Aesthetic Principles and Writing Techniques……………………………229 5　Commentary ……………………………………………………………234 Waiting for Godot / “Proust and Three Dialogues with Georges Duthuit” 6　Study Questions…………………………………………………………238 Lesson Twelve William Golding……………………………………………239 1　Life………………………………………………………………………239 2　Literary Career and Major Writings……………………………………240 3　Attitudes and Views……………………………………………………241 4　Aesthetic Principles and Writing Techniques……………………………247 5　Commentary……………………………………………………………249 Lord of the Flies / “Fable,” “Utopias and Antiutopias,” “Belief and Creativity” 6　Study Questions………………………………………………………… 256 Appendices 1 The Sources of the Quotations in the Lectures… ……………………… 257 2 The Other Writers during the Same Period… ………………………… 261 3 A Suggested Course Schedule… ……………………………………… 267 后 記………………………………………………………………………… 268