Contents
“地球物理基礎(chǔ)叢書”序
Preface
Summary
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
Chapter 2 Coordinate Systems and Transformations 3
Chapter 3 Earth’s Gravity Field 6
Chapter 4 Earth’s Density Model 8
4.1 2-D Density Model 8
4.2 3-D Density Model 11
4.3 Concluding Remarks 15
Chapter 5 Examples of Density Models 16
5.1 Seawater Density Model 16
5.1.1 Data Acquisition and TEOS-10 18
5.1.2 Seawater Density Distribution 19
5.1.3 Accuracy Analysis 22
5.1.4 Concluding Remarks 25
5.2 Marine Sediment Density Model 26
5.2.1 Marine Sediment Data 28
5.2.2 Methodology 29
5.2.3 Numerical Analysis and Results 31
5.2.4 Model Uncertainties 32
5.2.5 Concluding Remarks 34
5.3 Ocean-Sediment and Sediment-Bedrock Density Interface 36
5.3.1 Methodology 37
5.3.2 Input Data 38
5.3.3 Results 38
5.3.4 Concluding Remarks 40
Chapter 6 Earth’s Crustal Density Model 42
6.1 Methodology and Datasets 43
6.2 ESCM180 Spectrum 45
6.3 ESCM180 Spectral Characteristics 48
6.4 Average Density of Crustal Structures 52
6.5 Concluding Remarks 53
Chapter 7 Gravimetric Forward Modeling 55
7.1 Gravitational Field of 3-D Mass Density Layer 56
7.2 Gravitational Field of Radially-Varying Mass Density Layer 60
7.3 Gravitational Field of Laterally-Varying Mass Density Layer 60
7.4 Gravitational Field of Uniform Mass Density Layer 61
7.5 Concluding Remarks 61
Chapter 8 Gravitational Field of Crustal Structures 63
8.1 Methodology 63
8.2 Results 64
8.3 Correlation Analysis 68
8.4 Spectral Analysis 71
8.5 Concluding Remarks 75
Chapter 9 Gravitational Model of Oceanic Lithosphere 76
9.1 Methodology 76
9.2 Data Acquisition 77
9.3 Synthetic Gravitational Model 80
9.4 Validation of Results 83
9.5 Concluding Remarks 83
Chapter 10 Gravimetric Moho Recovery 85
10.1 Global Moho Recovery 87
10.1.1 Spectral Functional Model 87
10.1.2 Compensation Attraction 91
10.2 Moho Solution for Variable Moho Density Contrast 92
10.2.1 Functional Model 92
10.2.2 Compensation Attraction 93
10.3 Regional Moho Recovery 93
10.3.1 Discrete Functional Model 93
10.3.2 Discretization 95
10.4 Concluding Remarks 97
Chapter 11 Global Gravimetric Moho Model 98
11.1 Consolidated Crust-Stripped Gravity Disturbances 99
11.2 Moho Density Contrast 100
11.3 Mantle Gravity Disturbances 102
11.4 Moho Solutions 105
11.5 Validation of Results 107
11.6 Spectral Analysis 108
11.7 Correlation Analysis 111
11.8 Concluding Remarks 112
Chapter 12 Sub-Crustal Stress Field 115
12.1 Horizontal Sub-Crustal Stress 117
12.2 Vening Meinesz-Moritz Isostatic Model 118
12.3 Combined Model 119
12.4 Convergence Analysis 120
12.5 Concluding Remarks 122
Chapter 13 Terrestrial Sub-Crustal Stress Field 124
13.1 Global Sub-Crustal Stress Study 124
13.2 Regional Sub-Crustal Stress Studies 126
13.2.1 Stress Field Along Oceanic Subductions Zones 126
13.2.2 Stress Field at Hotspots 127
13.2.3 Stress Field Along Tectonic Plate Boundaries 128
13.2.4 Stress Field Along Continent-to-Continent Collision Zones 130
13.3 Concluding Remarks 132
Chapter 14 Martian Sub-Crustal Stress Field 134
14.1 Martian Topography 134
14.2 Martian Free-Air Gravity Field 136
14.3 Martian Bouguer Gravity Field 137
14.4 Martian Crustal Thickness 139
14.5 Martian Sub-Crustal Stress 141
14.5.1 Global Stress Field 141
14.5.2 Signature of Impact Craters 142
14.5.3 Signature of Hemispheric Dichotomy 142
14.5.4 Signature of Ice Load 142
14.5.5 Spectral Analysis of Stress Field 142
14.5.6 Long-Wavelength Stress Field 144
14.5.7 Tharsis Stress Field 145
14.6 Concluding Remarks 146
References 149