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　　這部由羅伯特·費爾德曼撰寫的《心理學(xué)綱要》（Essentials of Understanding Psychology）在英美等國被300多所大學(xué)采用，是受歡迎的導(dǎo)論性心理學(xué)教材之一。本書即影印自該教材的新第10版。

　　《心理學(xué)綱要（第10版，英文版）》分為14章，依次為：心理學(xué)導(dǎo)言，神經(jīng)科學(xué)與行為，感覺與知覺，意識狀態(tài)，學(xué)習(xí)，記憶，思維、語言與智力，動機(jī)與情緒，發(fā)展，人格，健康心理學(xué)，心理障礙，心理障礙的治療，社會心理學(xué)。在此基礎(chǔ)上，全書進(jìn)一步劃分為46個獨立的模塊，讀者可以根據(jù)自己的興趣有選擇地閱讀。這種獨樹一幟的模塊化設(shè)計，不僅適應(yīng)于課堂教學(xué)，也非常適合普通讀者來自學(xué)。

　　從第1版到第10版，作者始終秉持“把學(xué)生放在首位”的宗旨，致力于吸引學(xué)生的注意，將心理學(xué)知識傳授給學(xué)生，進(jìn)而激發(fā)學(xué)生的興趣，幫助他們將心理學(xué)與日常世界建立起聯(lián)系。作者的語言簡練，生動形象，書中的各種教輔材料，如各種精美圖片、互動游戲、視頻及題庫，更是為教師的課堂教學(xué)和學(xué)生的自主學(xué)習(xí)提供了全面解決方案。

　　本書特別適合用作普通心理學(xué)雙語教學(xué)課教材或參考讀物，也適合喜歡直接讀英文原著的心理學(xué)愛好者閱讀。

　　Psychologists at Work
　　Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. The simplicity of this defi nition is in some ways deceiving, concealing ongoing debates about how broad the scope of psychology should be. Should psychologists limit themselves to the study of outward, observable behavior? Is it possible to study thinking scientifically? Should the field encompass the study of such diverse topics as physical and mental health, perception, dreaming, and motivation? Is it appropriate to focus solely on human behavior, or should the behavior of other species be included?
　　Most psychologists would argue that the field should be receptive to a variety of viewpoints and approaches. Consequently, the phrase behavior and mental processes in the definition of psychology must be understood to mean many things: It encompasses not just what people do but also their thoughts, emotions, perceptions, reasoning processes, memories, and even the biological activities that maintain bodily functioning.
　　Psychologists try to describe, predict, and explain human behavior and mental processes, as well as helping to change and improve the lives of people and the world in which they live. They use scientific methods to find answers that are far more valid and legitimate than those resulting from intuition and speculation, which are often inaccurate (see Figure 1).
　　The Subfields of Psychology: Psychology’s Family Tree
　　As the study of psychology has grown, it has given rise to a number of subfields (described in Figure 2). The subfields of psychology can be likened to an extended family, with assorted nieces and nephews, aunts and uncles, and cousins who, although they may not interact on a day-to-day basis, are related to one another, because they share a common goal: understanding behavior. One way to identify the key subfields is to look at some of the basic questions about behavior that they address.
　　WHAT ARE THE BIOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF BEHAVIOR?
　　In the most fundamental sense, people are biological organisms. Behavioral neuroscience is the subfield of psychology that mainly examines how the brain and the nervous system—but other biological processes as well—determine behavior. Thus, neuroscientists consider how our bodies influence our behavior. For example, they may examine the link between specific sites in the brain and the muscular tremors of people affected by Parkinson’s disease or attempt to determine how our emotions are related to physical sensations. Behavioral neuroscientists might want to know what physiological changes occurred as movie patrons in the theater where Batman was showing realized they were being shot at.
　　HOW DO PEOPLE SENSE, PERCEIVE, LEARN, AND THINK ABOUT THE WORLD?
　　If you have ever wondered why you are susceptible to optical illusions, how your body registers pain, or how to make the most of your study time, an experimental psychologist can answer your questions. Experimental psychology is the branch of psychology that studies the processes of sensing, perceiving, learning, and thinking about the world. (The term experimental psychologist is somewhat misleading: Psychologists in every specialty area use experimental techniques.)
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