第一章 緒論 ····················································································· 1 第一節(jié) 國(guó)內(nèi)外蚯蚓研究歷程 ·························································· 1 一、國(guó)外研究歷程 ········································································ 1 二、國(guó)內(nèi)研究歷程 ········································································ 4 第二節(jié) 蚯蚓研究的國(guó)內(nèi)外組織機(jī)構(gòu)及研究模式 ·································· 6 一、國(guó)際組織及學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議 ································································ 6 二、國(guó)際研究模式及機(jī)構(gòu) ······························································· 10 第三節(jié) 華南地區(qū)蚯蚓研究回顧及展望 ············································· 11 一、研究回顧 ············································································ 11 二、展望 ················································································· 12 參考文獻(xiàn) ···················································································· 13 第二章 華南地區(qū)典型蚯蚓的特征及分布 ················································ 16 第一節(jié) 蚯蚓的生態(tài)類型 ······························································· 16 第二節(jié) 華南地區(qū)典型蚯蚓 ···························································· 17 一、皮質(zhì)遠(yuǎn)盲蚓 ·········································································· 18 二、毛利遠(yuǎn)盲蚓 ·········································································· 19 三、壯偉遠(yuǎn)盲蚓 ·········································································· 19 四、參狀遠(yuǎn)盲蚓 ·········································································· 21 五、南美岸蚓 ············································································ 22 六、赤子愛(ài)勝蚓 ·········································································· 23 第三節(jié) 華南地區(qū)典型區(qū)域蚯蚓分布特征 ·········································· 24 一、人工林蚯蚓群落分布 ······························································· 24 二、不同土地利用方式下土壤理化性質(zhì)對(duì)蚯蚓分布特征的影響 ······················ 24 第四節(jié) 本章展望 ········································································ 26 參考文獻(xiàn) ···················································································· 26 第三章 蚯蚓繁育技術(shù) ········································································ 28 ·xii· 蚯蚓在南方紅壤地區(qū)的農(nóng)業(yè)應(yīng)用 第一節(jié) 蚯蚓人工養(yǎng)殖的歷程及農(nóng)業(yè)應(yīng)用實(shí)例 ···································· 28 一、蚯蚓人工養(yǎng)殖的歷程 ······························································· 28 二、國(guó)內(nèi)蚯蚓人工養(yǎng)殖的農(nóng)業(yè)應(yīng)用實(shí)例 ················································ 29 第二節(jié) 蚯蚓生長(zhǎng)繁殖的影響因素 ··················································· 30 一、蚯蚓繁育環(huán)境的適宜溫濕度 ························································ 30 二、蚯蚓的適宜接種密度 ······························································· 31 三、酸堿度適中環(huán)境利于蚯蚓生長(zhǎng) ····················································· 32 四、蚓種對(duì)繁殖的影響 ·································································· 32 第三節(jié) 赤子愛(ài)勝蚓的人工擴(kuò)繁 ······················································ 33 一、適宜碳氮比的有機(jī)物料 ····························································· 33 二、不同有機(jī)物料的微生物學(xué)屬性與繁殖的關(guān)系 ······································ 36 第四節(jié) 野生蚓的人工繁殖 ···························································· 37 一、參狀遠(yuǎn)盲蚓的人工擴(kuò)繁進(jìn)展 ························································ 38 二、表?xiàng)�型皮質(zhì)遠(yuǎn)盲蚓的人工擴(kuò)繁潛力 ················································ 39 三、內(nèi)棲型壯偉遠(yuǎn)盲蚓的人工繁育 ····················································· 40 第五節(jié) 本章展望 ········································································ 41 參考文獻(xiàn) ···················································································· 41 第四章 蚯蚓對(duì)有機(jī)廢棄物的處置 ························································· 46 第一節(jié) 有機(jī)廢棄物利用現(xiàn)狀及存在問(wèn)題 ·········································· 46 一、有機(jī)廢棄物利用現(xiàn)狀 ······························································· 46 二、有機(jī)廢棄物利用方式及存在問(wèn)題 ·················································· 46 第二節(jié) 蚯蚓處理有機(jī)廢棄物的機(jī)制 ················································ 48 第三節(jié) 蚯蚓堆置處理在農(nóng)業(yè)和環(huán)境領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用研究進(jìn)展 ····················· 49 一、蚯蚓堆置在農(nóng)業(yè)有機(jī)廢棄物高效利用的應(yīng)用 ······································ 49 二、不同有機(jī)廢棄物蚓堆肥在土壤中的應(yīng)用 ··········································· 52 三、蚓糞對(duì)植物生長(zhǎng)及土壤的影響 ····················································· 57 四、土壤污染修復(fù) ······································································· 67 第四節(jié) 本章展望 ········································································ 67 參考文獻(xiàn) ···················································································· 68 第五章 蚯蚓對(duì)土壤酸化的響應(yīng)和鋁形態(tài)的影響 ······································· 71 第一節(jié) 土壤酸化和鋁毒 ······························································· 71 一、土壤酸化的概況 ····································································· 71 二、土壤酸化的發(fā)生 ····································································· 71 三、土壤酸化的危害 ····································································· 73 四、土壤中鋁的豐度和活化 ····························································· 74 目 錄 ·xiii· 五、土壤中鋁的形態(tài)和毒性 ····························································· 74 第二節(jié) 蚯蚓對(duì)土壤酸化的響應(yīng) ······················································ 77 一、蚯蚓對(duì) pH 的耐受閾值 ······························································ 77 二、蚯蚓對(duì)酸、鋁的響