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科學(xué)可視化——從概念、方法到典型案例 讀者對(duì)象:本書既可作為可視化、數(shù)據(jù)分析等相關(guān)專業(yè)科技人員的自學(xué)讀本或參考用書,也可作為高等院校計(jì)算機(jī)相關(guān)專業(yè)高年級(jí)學(xué)生和研究生的教學(xué)用書。
本書旨在強(qiáng)調(diào)通過案例學(xué)習(xí)提高讀者自主學(xué)習(xí)能力,引導(dǎo)其通過知識(shí)點(diǎn)導(dǎo)讀、方法概要、系統(tǒng)介紹與導(dǎo)圖操作等內(nèi)容,循序漸進(jìn)地學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)可視化的相關(guān)知識(shí)。本書具有以下特色。① 圖文并茂:知識(shí)點(diǎn)導(dǎo)讀、方法概要等部分,用大量圖示說明,直觀易懂。② 可操作性強(qiáng):系統(tǒng)介紹、導(dǎo)圖操作等部分使學(xué)習(xí)者易于上手實(shí)踐和學(xué)習(xí)。③ 可擴(kuò)展性強(qiáng):方便學(xué)習(xí)者在所提供的案例基礎(chǔ)上增加功能和擴(kuò)展應(yīng)用。
駱巖林,北京師范大學(xué)人工智能學(xué)院,副教授。中國圖象圖形學(xué)學(xué)會(huì)可視化與可視分析專委會(huì)委員,中國圖象圖形學(xué)學(xué)會(huì)理事。曾主持國家自然科學(xué)基金面上項(xiàng)目"經(jīng)鼻入路顱底手術(shù)的VR訓(xùn)練系統(tǒng)研究”,北京市科協(xié)"科普?qǐng)鲳^展項(xiàng)的沉浸式學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境及交互體驗(yàn)的實(shí)踐應(yīng)用研究”,國家自然基金專項(xiàng)數(shù)學(xué)天元基金項(xiàng)目"科普展館數(shù)學(xué)展項(xiàng)基于‘沉浸式學(xué)習(xí)’的傳播交流”,教育部產(chǎn)學(xué)合作協(xié)同育人項(xiàng)目"帆軟數(shù)據(jù)分析&可視化實(shí)驗(yàn)室共建”等。多次獲得校優(yōu)秀教學(xué)成果獎(jiǎng)。
第1 章 腦網(wǎng)絡(luò)三維可視化··············································································.1
1.1 知識(shí)點(diǎn)導(dǎo)讀······················································································.2 1.1.1 腦分區(qū)···················································································.2 1.1.2 腦白質(zhì)纖維·············································································.3 1.1.3 腦網(wǎng)絡(luò)···················································································.4 1.2 方法概要·························································································.6 1.2.1 節(jié)點(diǎn)、邊可視化·······································································.6 1.2.2 腦表面可視化··········································································.8 1.3 系統(tǒng)介紹·························································································.9 1.3.1 系統(tǒng)架構(gòu)················································································.9 1.3.2 系統(tǒng)功能················································································10 1.3.3 系統(tǒng)配置················································································12 1.4 導(dǎo)圖操作···················································································12 1.4.1 測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)················································································13 1.4.2 操作步驟················································································14 第2 章 體數(shù)據(jù)可視化····················································································17 2.1 知識(shí)點(diǎn)導(dǎo)讀······················································································19 2.1.1 體數(shù)據(jù)···················································································19 2.1.2 體數(shù)據(jù)可視化分類····································································20 2.1.3 分類······················································································23 2.1.4 傳遞函數(shù)················································································24 2.1.5 梯度······················································································26 2.1.6 光照效應(yīng)················································································29 2.1.7 預(yù)積分分類·············································································30 2.1.8 體圖示···················································································31 2.1.9 時(shí)變體數(shù)據(jù)集··········································································35 2.2 方法概要·························································································35 2.2.1 光線投射體繪制原理·································································35 2.2.2 光線投射體繪制方法·································································37 2.2.3 GPU 光線投射體繪制·································································43 2.2.4 基于影響因子累加的GPU 光線投射體繪制·····································44 2.2.5 混合繪制················································································45 2.3 系統(tǒng)介紹·························································································46 2.3.1 系統(tǒng)架構(gòu)················································································46 2.3.2 系統(tǒng)界面················································································48 2.3.3 系統(tǒng)配置················································································51 2.4 導(dǎo)圖操作·························································································52 2.4.1 測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)················································································52 2.4.2 操作步驟················································································54 第3 章 氣候模擬流場數(shù)據(jù)可視化·····································································57 3.1 知識(shí)點(diǎn)導(dǎo)讀······················································································58 3.1.1 流場數(shù)據(jù)················································································58 3.1.2 多物理場數(shù)據(jù)··········································································59 3.1.3 氣候科學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)··········································································60 3.1.4 氣候模擬數(shù)據(jù)可視化·································································61 3.2 方法概要·························································································66 3.2.1 面向大規(guī)模氣候模擬數(shù)據(jù)集的可視化管線······································66 3.2.2 圖形硬件加速的多物理場可視化方法············································70 3.2.3 基于角分布信息熵的氣候模擬流場分析·········································73 3.3 應(yīng)用效果·························································································78 3.3.1 應(yīng)用數(shù)據(jù)················································································78 3.3.2 環(huán)境配置················································································78 3.3.3 全球氣候模擬的可視化結(jié)果························································79 3.3.4 局部天氣預(yù)報(bào)的可視化結(jié)果························································80 3.4 系統(tǒng)介紹·························································································81 3.5 導(dǎo)圖操作·························································································82 3.5.1 測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)················································································82 3.5.2 會(huì)話文件················································································82 3.5.3 操作步驟················································································83 第4 章 腦部張量場數(shù)據(jù)可視化········································································87 4.1 知識(shí)點(diǎn)導(dǎo)讀······················································································88 4.1.1 擴(kuò)散······················································································88 4.1.2 張量······················································································88 4.1.3 擴(kuò)散張量成像··········································································89 4.1.4 擴(kuò)散張量特征··········································································91 4.2 方法概要·························································································92 4.2.1 顏色編碼法·············································································92 4.2.2 圖元顯示法·············································································94 4.2.3 圖元比較法·············································································97 4.2.4 纖維追蹤算法·······································································.101 4.3 系統(tǒng)介紹······················································································.104 4.3.1 系統(tǒng)架構(gòu)·············································································.104 4.3.2 項(xiàng)目結(jié)構(gòu)·············································································.105 4.3.3 系統(tǒng)配置·············································································.106 4.4 導(dǎo)圖操作······················································································.106 4.4.1 生成彩色映射圖····································································.106 4.4.2 生成超二次曲面圖·································································.107 第5 章 體數(shù)據(jù)交互····················································································.109 5.1 知識(shí)點(diǎn)導(dǎo)讀···················································································.111 5.1.1 三維交互·············································································.111 5.1.2 手勢(shì)交互·············································································.112 5.1.3 6DOF 操作···········································································.114 5.1.4 Focus+Context 交互································································.115 5.1.5 基于體數(shù)據(jù)的漫游·································································.116 5.1.6 體數(shù)據(jù)空間八叉樹·································································.117 5.2 方法概要······················································································.118 5.2.1 平面切割·············································································.118 5.2.2 濾鏡···················································································.120 5.2.3 手勢(shì)設(shè)計(jì)·············································································.121 5.2.4 漫游路徑規(guī)劃·······································································.123 5.3 系統(tǒng)介紹······················································································.127 5.3.1 系統(tǒng)架構(gòu)·············································································.127 5.3.2 系統(tǒng)界面·············································································.130 5.3.3 手勢(shì)交互設(shè)計(jì)·······································································.133 5.3.4 二維交互·············································································.134 5.4 導(dǎo)圖操作······················································································.134 5.4.1 測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)·············································································.135 5.4.2 操作步驟·············································································.135 參考文獻(xiàn)·····························································································.137 附錄·········································································································.142 附錄1.1 OpenGL 可視化編程·································································.142 附錄2.1 三線性插值·············································································.155 附錄2.2 DICOM 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)···········································································.156 附錄2.3 基于CUDA 的可視化編程·························································.157 附錄3.1 VisIt 的使用方法······································································.166 附錄3.2 Linux 下的GPU 顯卡配置方法····················································.168 附錄4.1 安裝Ubuntu22.04 系統(tǒng)······························································.169 附錄4.2 teem 庫配置············································································.171 附錄4.3 搭建DTI 可視化環(huán)境································································.171 附錄4.4 teem 庫介紹············································································.173 附錄4.5 teem 命令說明·········································································.174 附錄5.1 Leap Motion 介紹·····································································.178
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