本書在介紹國家生態(tài)文明建設(shè)和我國當前的主要水問題基礎(chǔ)上，詳細
介紹了水生態(tài)系統(tǒng)、河流湖泊水庫生態(tài)調(diào)查、水生態(tài)要素分析與計算，以
及水生態(tài)修復的規(guī)劃設(shè)計和修復案例，進而討論了河湖生態(tài)模型構(gòu)建、河
流廊道自然化工程、河湖水系連通工程和水庫生態(tài)調(diào)度等內(nèi)容。全書結(jié)構(gòu)
清晰，各部分內(nèi)容配有相應的實例分析，并且每章后配有相應的思考題，
以便讀者能及時掌握所學知識。
本書適合作為高等學校水利類、生態(tài)類、環(huán)境類等專業(yè)的教材，也可
供獨立學院、高職高專和成人高等學校師生及有關(guān)工程技術(shù)人員參閱。
更多科學出版社服務(wù)，請掃碼獲取。
主持和參與國家級、省部級科研項目多項，如國家科技支撐計劃課題子項目“水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖池塘底泥對養(yǎng)殖水體的影響”等
目 錄
0 緒論 ······································································································ 1
0.1 國家生態(tài)文明建設(shè) ············································································ 1
0.1.1 人類文明進程與可持續(xù)發(fā)展的提出 ································································· 1
0.1.2 我國生態(tài)文明建設(shè)發(fā)展歷程 ·········································································· 4
0.2 水生態(tài)文明發(fā)展要求 ········································································· 5
0.2.1 水生態(tài)文明 ······························································································· 5
0.2.2 水生態(tài)文明建設(shè) ························································································· 7
0.3 我國當前的主要水問題 ······································································ 8
0.3.1 水資源短缺 ······························································································· 9
0.3.2 水環(huán)境污染 ······························································································· 9
0.3.3 水生態(tài)破壞 ····························································································· 11
0.4 生態(tài)水利學的研究方法 ····································································· 11
思考題 ································································································· 12
參考文獻 ······························································································ 12
1 水生態(tài)系統(tǒng) ···························································································· 14
1.1 流域水循環(huán) ···················································································· 14
1.1.1 降水 ······································································································ 15
1.1.2 蒸發(fā)與散發(fā) ····························································································· 15
1.1.3 流域產(chǎn)流 ································································································ 20
1.1.4 流域匯流 ································································································ 23
1.2 河流生態(tài)系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成 ··········································································· 25
1.2.1 環(huán)境要素的構(gòu)成 ······················································································· 26
1.2.2 生物群落的構(gòu)成 ······················································································· 28
1.3 湖泊水庫生態(tài)系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成 ····································································· 32
1.3.1 非生物成分 ····························································································· 33
1.3.2 生物成分 ································································································ 36
1.4 水生態(tài)系統(tǒng)面臨的脅迫 ····································································· 37
1.4.1 水污染 ··································································································· 37
1.4.2 過度開發(fā) ································································································ 38
1.4.3 圍湖造田 ································································································ 40
1.4.4 外來種入侵 ····························································································· 40
1.4.5 水利工程 ································································································ 43
·iv· 生態(tài)水利學
思考題 ································································································· 44
參考文獻 ······························································································ 45
2 河流湖泊水庫生態(tài)調(diào)查 ············································································· 47
2.1 水質(zhì)生物學監(jiān)測 ·············································································· 47
2.1.1 水質(zhì)生物學監(jiān)測原理和優(yōu)勢 ········································································ 47
2.1.2 水質(zhì)理化監(jiān)測 ·························································································· 48
2.1.3 指示生物監(jiān)測 ·························································································· 48
2.1.4 生物指數(shù)分析 ·························································································· 52
2.2 河流湖泊水庫水生生物調(diào)查 ······························································· 55
2.2.1 浮游生物調(diào)查 ·························································································· 55
2.2.2 大型水生植物調(diào)查 ···················································································· 59
2.2.3 底棲生物調(diào)查 ·························································································· 60
2.2.4 微生物調(diào)查 ····························································································· 61
2.2.5 魚類調(diào)查 ································································································ 63
2.3 河流湖泊生物棲息地評價 ·································································· 65
2.3.1 河流湖泊生物棲息地類型 ··········································································· 66
2.3.2 河流湖泊生物棲息地調(diào)查方法 ········································
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