本書(shū)主要有以下幾個(gè)特點(diǎn):
一、題源選材,對(duì)標(biāo)真題
在對(duì) 20102021 年考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解文章的來(lái)源和選材特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)和分析之后,我們發(fā)現(xiàn),近些年考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解文章的時(shí)效性更強(qiáng)了,大多源自近一年英國(guó)和美國(guó)的某些權(quán)威期刊、雜志,如《衛(wèi)報(bào)》《華爾街日?qǐng)?bào)》《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》《華盛頓郵報(bào)》《大西洋月刊》等。所以,本書(shū)所收錄的文章均源自這些期刊、報(bào)紙或雜志,力圖與歷年考研英語(yǔ)閱讀文章的來(lái)源保持一致。
同時(shí),我們還發(fā)現(xiàn)考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解文章的題材主要包含五大類(lèi),即商業(yè) & 經(jīng)濟(jì)類(lèi)政策 & 法律類(lèi)文化 & 教育類(lèi)科技 & 學(xué)術(shù)類(lèi)和社會(huì) & 媒體類(lèi)。所以,本書(shū)在編寫(xiě)過(guò)程中,也據(jù)此進(jìn)行了分類(lèi),充分幫助考生縮小閱讀的范圍。
此外,考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解文章的長(zhǎng)度一般為5~ 7段,個(gè)別文章只有4段或長(zhǎng)達(dá)8~ 10段,但字?jǐn)?shù)基本上控制在 400 ~ 450 詞,每一篇文章中超綱詞的數(shù)量控制在大綱所要求的(每篇文章總字?jǐn)?shù)的) 3%。所以,本書(shū)在選取文章時(shí)也會(huì)對(duì)超出字?jǐn)?shù)范圍的文章進(jìn)行縮減或整合,會(huì)將部分超綱詞替換為大綱內(nèi)詞匯或其派生詞,并在每一篇文章的起始處標(biāo)明文章的難度系數(shù)。其中,難度系數(shù)主要通過(guò)詞(超綱詞數(shù)量)、句(長(zhǎng)句數(shù)量)、篇(結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜度)、意(文章難易程度)四個(gè)維度判斷得出,而大多數(shù)真題的文章則處于 3 星左右的難度,了解了這一點(diǎn),考生便可根據(jù)難度去找出自己存在的差距。
二、思維導(dǎo)圖,理清結(jié)構(gòu)
許多考生在做閱讀理解題時(shí)只專注于答案的鎖定與排除,而對(duì)于讀的是什么毫不關(guān)心,對(duì)于閱讀的真正目的也毫不關(guān)心。本書(shū)在編寫(xiě)時(shí)將每篇文章的結(jié)構(gòu)用思維導(dǎo)圖形式進(jìn)行了直觀的解析,旨在從宏觀上幫助考生弄清這些文章的本質(zhì) :是想報(bào)道一個(gè)事件、介紹一項(xiàng)研究?還是想表達(dá)作者的一種觀點(diǎn)?為了達(dá)到這一目的,作者是如何布局的?弄懂了這些,或許就更容易理解出題人為什么選擇在某一點(diǎn)設(shè)置問(wèn)題了。本書(shū)中的文章主要分為兩大類(lèi) :
1. 類(lèi)是新聞?lì)悾磮?bào)道事件、描述現(xiàn)象、介紹著作或研究等。文章從頭到尾只是客觀地介紹或說(shuō)明某一事件或情況,不摻雜作者的任何觀點(diǎn)。
2. 第二類(lèi)是評(píng)論類(lèi),即評(píng)論事件、評(píng)論現(xiàn)象等。文章開(kāi)頭、主體部分或結(jié)尾都有可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)作者個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度,所以表露作者個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度是此類(lèi)文章的標(biāo)志。當(dāng)然,根據(jù)不同的分析角度,考研英語(yǔ)閱讀文章的分類(lèi)還可以有更多方法,不應(yīng)陷入某種方法正確或錯(cuò)誤的爭(zhēng)辯當(dāng)中。本書(shū)中的分析僅供考生參考。
三、生詞僻義,無(wú)所遁形
大綱詞匯名義上只有 5,500 個(gè)左右,但在實(shí)際運(yùn)用時(shí)卻有數(shù)萬(wàn)個(gè)義項(xiàng),只知其一不知其二自然會(huì)在做題時(shí)碰一鼻子灰。從英、美報(bào)刊中所選出的文章?lián)诫s了大量詞匯的熟詞僻義、派生詞,以及詞性的靈活變換用法,所以本書(shū)在編寫(xiě)時(shí)會(huì)在每篇文章之后將文中出現(xiàn)的難詞、生詞、一詞多義或生僻習(xí)語(yǔ)等列出,幫助考生充分理解文章的本意,掌握詞匯的更多用法。此外,關(guān)于詞匯注釋版塊還需要了解的一些細(xì)節(jié) :
1. 每個(gè)單詞角標(biāo)上的數(shù)字代表本單詞(原形加變形)在歷年真題中出現(xiàn)的頻次。
2. 加星號(hào)的為超綱詞匯(大綱詞匯的派生詞、擴(kuò)展詞不算超綱),部分專業(yè)詞匯不建議考生記憶。
3. 每個(gè)單詞只標(biāo)一個(gè)釋義,即本詞在本文中用到的義項(xiàng),不代表此釋義是本詞常見(jiàn)的用法。
- 所收錄詞匯按在文章中出現(xiàn)的順序排列,重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的詞匯只標(biāo)注一次。
- 未收錄的詞匯通常為簡(jiǎn)單詞或超高頻詞匯,如有需要,考生可自行補(bǔ)充進(jìn)自己的詞匯筆記。
四、翻譯自測(cè),雙向突破
或許大家都知道,考研翻譯中的 5 個(gè)畫(huà)線句子大約 150 個(gè)詞,也就是說(shuō),每個(gè)句子差不多 30 個(gè)詞。對(duì)于這么長(zhǎng)而復(fù)雜的句子,基礎(chǔ)不扎實(shí)就一定會(huì)犯暈!為此,我們挑選出了每篇文章中較長(zhǎng)或有一些難度的句子供考生練習(xí),方便考生在提高閱讀能力的同時(shí),順帶提升自己的翻譯水平。建議考生在每次閱讀完成之后,試著去翻譯這些句子,然后與全文翻譯處進(jìn)行比對(duì),盡可能找出自己的問(wèn)題所在。
五、實(shí)戰(zhàn)模擬,以考驗(yàn)學(xué)
在 80 篇閱讀文章之后,本書(shū)提供了 5 套完整的高仿真模擬題,無(wú)論是文章的選取,還是題目的設(shè)置都嚴(yán)格參照歷年考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解真題。在對(duì)歷年真題的題目進(jìn)行歸類(lèi)和分析之后,我們將閱讀理解題型分為六大類(lèi) :細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題、例證題、詞義題、主旨題和觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。每一套題中各個(gè)題型的比例也盡可能參照歷年真題搭配組合,讓考生不進(jìn)考場(chǎng)就能體驗(yàn)真實(shí)考場(chǎng)的感覺(jué)。此外,每一篇文章及題目之后均配有篇章結(jié)構(gòu)詞匯注釋題目詳解和全文翻譯,其中題目詳解不僅為考生展示正確答案的推導(dǎo)過(guò)程,還會(huì)分析干擾選項(xiàng)的錯(cuò)誤原因,讓考生不僅知其然,而且知其所以然。
商業(yè) & 經(jīng)濟(jì)類(lèi)
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社會(huì) & 媒體類(lèi)
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實(shí)戰(zhàn)模擬題
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題目解析
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參考答案............................ 395
百篇閱讀計(jì)劃......................396