浙江臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮災(zāi)害（1949-2020）
定 價：238 元
- 作者： 李尚魯，曾劍，朱業(yè)，丁駿 等 著
- 出版時間：2021/9/1
- ISBN：9787521008227
- 出 版 社：海洋出版社
- 中圖法分類：P731.23
- 頁碼：276
- 紙張：膠版紙
- 版次：1
- 開本：16開
《浙江臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮災(zāi)害（1949-2020）》基于長期風(fēng)暴潮觀測預(yù)警減災(zāi)工作中積累的豐富資料，全面收集、詳細(xì)分析了中華人民共和國成立以來對浙江沿海產(chǎn)生重要影響的風(fēng)暴潮案例，圖文并茂，闡述了臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮時間特征和空間分布特征，并根據(jù)潮位超警情況對臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮災(zāi)害進行了史料分類，同時介紹了浙江風(fēng)暴潮災(zāi)害防御體系建設(shè)情況。
《浙江臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮災(zāi)害（1949-2020）》為讀者了解浙江沿海風(fēng)暴潮特征并開展相關(guān)研究提供了寶貴的數(shù)據(jù)資料，為提高風(fēng)暴潮預(yù)警綜合研判水平、發(fā)展風(fēng)暴潮災(zāi)害預(yù)報技術(shù)和開展風(fēng)暴潮風(fēng)險評估等工作提供了科學(xué)參考依據(jù)。
風(fēng)暴潮是由熱帶氣旋、溫帶天氣系統(tǒng)、海上颮線等風(fēng)暴過境所伴隨的強風(fēng)和氣壓驟變而引起的局部海面振蕩或非周期性異常升高（降低）現(xiàn)象，是我國沿海地區(qū)常見的海洋災(zāi)害。中國歷史文獻(xiàn)中稱為海溢、海嘯、海侵、大海潮等。按照引起風(fēng)暴潮的大氣擾動的特征，我國風(fēng)暴潮大體可分為臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮和溫帶風(fēng)暴潮兩大類。臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮多發(fā)生在夏秋季節(jié)，其特點是：來勢猛、速度快、強度大、破壞力強。
浙江省為我國沿海風(fēng)暴潮災(zāi)害最嚴(yán)重的區(qū)域之一，又以臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮為主。歷史上曾多次出現(xiàn)過特大臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮災(zāi)害，對浙江省的社會經(jīng)濟產(chǎn)生重大影響。據(jù)統(tǒng)計，1949-2020年71年間發(fā)生較明顯的臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮過程139次，年平均2次，因災(zāi)死亡累計11584人；1949-2020年共有46個臺風(fēng)登陸浙江，平均1.5年就有一個臺風(fēng)在浙江登陸，登陸浙江的臺風(fēng)往往會造成嚴(yán)重風(fēng)暴潮災(zāi)害。這些臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮引起沿岸增水和高潮位，導(dǎo)致海水漫溢堤壩、淹沒沿海陸地，對浙江沿海地區(qū)生命財產(chǎn)造成嚴(yán)重威脅，經(jīng)濟損失巨大。1949年以來，登陸我國的超強臺風(fēng)5612號、0608號、1909號，強臺風(fēng)9417號、9711號、0216號、0414號等都在浙江省引發(fā)了特大風(fēng)暴潮災(zāi)害，屢次刷新沿海潮位站歷史最高潮位和最大增水記錄。根據(jù)風(fēng)暴潮災(zāi)后現(xiàn)場調(diào)查，單次登陸型強臺風(fēng)引發(fā)的風(fēng)暴潮往往會導(dǎo)致海水漫過堤壩、海水入侵，使堤壩受損甚至崩潰，從而引發(fā)海水入侵內(nèi)陸數(shù)千米甚至數(shù)十千米，城市內(nèi)澇，良田被淹，人員傷亡等災(zāi)害，極端情況下，經(jīng)濟損失可超過百億。準(zhǔn)確模擬和評估臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮，特別是了解正面登陸臺風(fēng)影響下整個浙江沿海地區(qū)的風(fēng)暴潮增水和高潮位分布規(guī)律，并準(zhǔn)確評估每次臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮災(zāi)害的風(fēng)險，不斷提高臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮預(yù)報精度和預(yù)報的穩(wěn)定度，對各級政府和有關(guān)部門做好風(fēng)暴潮災(zāi)害防御與應(yīng)對工作，減少臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮災(zāi)害損失有非常重要的意義。
本書收集整理了1949-2020年影響浙江沿海的139個臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮過程的數(shù)據(jù)資料，為全面反映浙江臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮特征及其造成的影響，本書分3章開展相關(guān)內(nèi)容的辨析。第1章為“臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮災(zāi)害概述”，闡述了臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮概念、浙江省的海洋環(huán)境、歷史上特大風(fēng)暴潮災(zāi)害及浙江省防御體系；第2章為“浙江臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮時空特征”，闡述了風(fēng)暴潮災(zāi)害評價指標(biāo)、典型臺風(fēng)的選取、臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮時間特征及空間特征；第3章為“浙江臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮過程”，闡述了139個臺風(fēng)的具體情況。
由于時間緊，數(shù)據(jù)量大，作者水平有限，在資料整編和分析過程中，錯誤和疏漏之處在所難免，希望廣大讀者批評指正。
本書得到了國家自然科學(xué)基金面上項目“臺風(fēng)暴潮對錢塘江涌潮的影響和作用機理（51779228）”資助，在此表示感謝。
章 臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮災(zāi)害概述 ·····························································11．1 風(fēng)暴潮與潮災(zāi) ············································································31．2 浙江海洋環(huán)境 ············································································31．2．1 地理位置 ·········································································31．2．2 地形地貌 ·········································································41．2．3 氣候與氣象 ······································································41．2．4 岸線 ···············································································41．2．5 潮汐 ···············································································51．2．6 入海河流 ·········································································51．2．7 水下地形 ·········································································61．3 浙江歷史特大風(fēng)暴潮災(zāi)害 ·····························································61．4 災(zāi)害防御體系 ············································································81．4．1 海塘建設(shè) ·········································································81．4．2 觀測預(yù)報體系建設(shè) ·····························································91．4．3 風(fēng)險防控體系建設(shè) ··························································· 11第2章 浙江臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮時空特征 ···················································· 132．1 評價指標(biāo)與過程選取 ································································· 152．1．1 警戒潮位 ······································································· 152．1．2 風(fēng)暴潮超警戒等級 ··························································· 182．1．3 風(fēng)暴增水等級 ································································· 192．1．4 典型臺風(fēng)選取 ································································· 192．2 臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮時間特征分析 ··························································· 212．2．1 臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮月際分布特征 ·················································· 212．2．2 臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮年代際分布特征 ·············································· 27 2．3 臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮空間特征分析 ··························································· 282．3．1 風(fēng)暴增水空間分布特征 ····················································· 282．3．2 風(fēng)暴潮超警戒空間分布特征 ··············································· 32第3章 浙江臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮過程 ··························································· 353．1 超紅色警戒潮位臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮 ························································ 373．2 超橙色警戒潮位臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮 ························································ 853．3 超黃色警戒潮位臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮 ·······················································1213．4 超藍(lán)色警戒潮位臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮 ·······················································1633．5 未超警戒潮位（或未收集到潮位資料）臺風(fēng)風(fēng)暴潮 ·························233
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