Foreword．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．vii
Introduction．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．1
A Framework for Engineering
Reasoning．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．2
Intellectual Traits Essential to Engineering Reasoning．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．5
To Analyze Thinking， We Must Learn to Identify and Question Its
Elemental Structures．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．9
A Checklist for Engineering Reasoning
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The Spirit of Critical Thinking．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．12
Analyzing an Engineering Document ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．13
Analyzing a Design Using the Elements of Thought ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．15
Two Kinds of Engineering Questions．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．17
Analyzing Disciplines： Aerospace
Engineering．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．19
Analyzing Disciplines： Electrical Engineering．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．21
Analyzing Disciplines： Mechanical
Engineering．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．23
Analyzing Engineering Tools： Modeling and Simulation．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．25
Skilled Engineers Consentingly Adhere to Intellectual Standards．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．27
Universal Intellectual Standards Essential to Sound Engineering Reasoning．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．32
Using Intellectual Standards to Assess Design Features ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 33
Using Intellectual Standards to Assess Graphics ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．34
Evaluating an Engineer’s or Author’s Reasoning
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．37
Analyzing & Assessing Engineerin