第一章　計算機基礎(chǔ)知識.................................................................................................................001
1.1　計算機的發(fā)展簡史 ...........................................................................................................001
1.2　計算機的組成 ...................................................................................................................010
1.3　計算機的分類 ...................................................................................................................011
1.4　計算機的發(fā)展趨勢和計算機產(chǎn)業(yè) ...................................................................................018
1.4.1 計算機的發(fā)展趨勢 ...............................................................................................018
1.4.2 計算機產(chǎn)業(yè) ...........................................................................................................019
單元測試 ....................................................................................................................................024
第二章　計算機配件與組裝.............................................................................................................026
2.1　中央處理器——CPU ........................................................................................................026
2.1.1　CPU 的發(fā)展歷程 ..................................................................................................026
2.1.2　CPU 的組成結(jié)構(gòu) ..................................................................................................029
2.1.3　CPU 的主要性能參數(shù) ..........................................................................................030
2.1.4　CPU 的選購技巧 ..................................................................................................031
2.2　計算機倉庫——內(nèi)存 ........................................................................................................032
2.2.1　內(nèi)存的發(fā)展歷程 ...................................................................................................032
2.2.2　內(nèi)存的主要性能參數(shù) ...........................................................................................033
2.2.3　內(nèi)存的維護及選購技巧 .......................................................................................034
2.3　神經(jīng)中樞——主板 ............................................................................................................034
2.3.1　主板的組成結(jié)構(gòu) ...................................................................................................035
2.3.2　主板上的芯片組、BIOS 和CMOS 芯片 ............................................................035
2.3.3　主板的主要性能參數(shù) ...........................................................................................036
2.3.4　主板的注意事項與常見故障 ...............................................................................038
2.3.5　主板的選購技巧 ...................................................................................................039
2.4　外部存儲設(shè)備——硬盤 ....................................................................................................039
2.4.1　機械硬盤的組成 ...................................................................................................040
2.4.2　固態(tài)硬盤 ...............................................................................................................041
2.4.3　硬盤的主要性能參數(shù) ...........................................................................................042
2.4.4　移動存儲器 ...........................................................................................................044
2.4.5　硬盤的使用注意事項及選購技巧 .......................................................................044
2.5　圖像顯示——顯卡和顯示屏 ............................................................................................045
2.5.1　顯卡和顯示屏概述 ...............................................................................................045
2.5.2　獨立顯卡的組成結(jié)構(gòu) ...........................................................................................047
2.5.3　顯卡的性能參數(shù)和選購技巧 ...............................................................................048
2.6　聲音呈現(xiàn)——聲卡和音箱 ................................................................................................049
2.6.1　聲卡和音箱的分類 ...............................................................................................050
2.6.2　聲卡和音箱的選購技巧 .......................................................................................051
2.7　穩(wěn)定之源——機箱和電源 ................................................................................................052
2.7.1　機箱簡介 ...............................................................................................................052
2.7.2　機箱的主要性能參數(shù) ...........................................................................................053
2.7.3　電源簡介 ...............................................................................................................055
2.7.4　電源的主要性能參數(shù) ...........................................................................................055
2.7.5　機箱和電源的選購技巧 .......................................................................................056
2.8　外部世界——I/O 設(shè)備 .....................................................................................................057
2.8.1　輸入設(shè)備 ...............................................................................................................057
2.8.2　輸出設(shè)備 ...............................................................................................................058
2.8.3　I/O 設(shè)備的接口 .....................................................................................................059
2.8.4　I/O 設(shè)備的選購技巧 .............................................................................................060
2.9　組裝計算機流程 ...............................................................................................................061
2.9.1　組裝計算機準備工作 ...........................................................................................061
2.9.2　組裝計算機的注意事項 .......................................................................................062
2.9.3　安裝CPU 和CPU 風扇 ........................................................................................063
2.9.4　安裝內(nèi)存 ...............................................................................................................063
2.9.5　安裝主板 ...............................................................................................................064
2.9.6　安裝電源 ...............................................................................................................065
2.9.7　安裝硬盤、光驅(qū) ...................................................................................................065
2.9.8　安裝顯卡 ...............................................................................................................066
2.9.9　安裝機箱內(nèi)部的連接線 .......................................................................................066
2.9.10　安裝I/O 設(shè)備 ......................................................................................................067
2.9.11　檢查測試 .............................................................................................................068
單元測試 ....................................................................................................................................068
第三章　系統(tǒng)設(shè)置與操作系統(tǒng)的安裝.............................................................................................070
3.1 BIOS ..................................................................................................................................070
3.1.1　BIOS 的概念 .........................................................................................................070
3.1.2　BIOS 的歷史 .........................................................................................................070
3.1.3　BIOS 與CMOS .....................................................................................................071
3.1.4　BIOS 的分類 .........................................................................................................072
3.1.5　BIOS 的設(shè)置 .........................................................................................................074
3.2 硬盤分區(qū)與格式化 ...........................................................................................................081
3.2.1　硬盤的分區(qū)格式 ...................................................................................................081
3.2.2　硬盤的分區(qū)方法 ...................................................................................................083
3.2.3　硬盤的格式化 .......................................................................................................086
3.3　U 盤啟動盤的制作 ............................................................................................................088
3.3.1　U 盤啟動盤的概念 ...............................................................................................088
3.3.2　制作U 盤啟動盤的詳細步驟 ..............................................................................088
3.4 VMware 虛擬機的設(shè)置 ....................................................................................................090
3.4.1　創(chuàng)建虛擬機 ...........................................................................................................091
3.4.2　設(shè)置虛擬機啟動項 ...............................................................................................095
3.5 操作系統(tǒng)的安裝 ...............................................................................................................097
3.5.1　設(shè)置U 盤啟動項 ..................................................................................................097
3.5.2　進入Windows PE 操作系統(tǒng) ................................................................................099
3.5.3　安裝Windows 7 操作系統(tǒng) ...................................................................................101
3.5.4　安裝Windows 8 操作系統(tǒng) ...................................................................................105
3.5.5　安裝Windows 10 操作系統(tǒng) .................................................................................107
3.5.6　安裝Linux 操作系統(tǒng) ............................................................................................109
單元測試 ....................................................................................................................................111
第四章　驅(qū)動程序及常用軟件的安裝與計算機病毒的防治.........................................................113
4.1 驅(qū)動程序的含義及其安裝 ..............................................................................................113
4.1.1　驅(qū)動程序的含義 ...................................................................................................113
4.1.2　驅(qū)動程序的安裝 ...................................................................................................115
4.2 常用應(yīng)用軟件的安裝 .......................................................................................................117
4.2.1　安裝Office 系列軟件 ...........................................................................................117
4.2.2　安裝360 系列殺毒軟件 .......................................................................................118
4.2.3　安裝下載軟件 .......................................................................................................119
4.2.4　安裝計算機檢測軟件 ...........................................................................................120
4.3 計算機病毒的防范和處理 ...............................................................................................121
4.3.1　計算機病毒的傳播方式 .......................................................................................122
4.3.2　計算機病毒的防范 ...............................................................................................124
4.3.3　計算機病毒的處理 ...............................................................................................125
單元測試 ....................................................................................................................................127
第五章　筆記本電腦的結(jié)構(gòu)認知與保養(yǎng).........................................................................................128
5.1 認識筆記本電腦 ...............................................................................................................128
5.1.1　初步了解筆記本電腦 ...........................................................................................128
5.1.2　認識筆記本電腦的外部結(jié)構(gòu) ...............................................................................132
5.1.3　認識筆記本電腦的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu) ...............................................................................138
5.1.4　認識筆記本電腦的接口和配件 ...........................................................................144
5.2 選購筆記本電腦 ...............................................................................................................149
5.2.1　選購筆記本電腦前的準備 ...................................................................................149
5.2.2　選購筆記本電腦的實戰(zhàn)技巧 ...............................................................................150
5.2.3　檢查與驗收筆記本電腦 .......................................................................................153
5.2.4　測試筆記本電腦 ...................................................................................................155
5.3 筆記本電腦的拆裝 ...........................................................................................................162
5.3.1　筆記本拆裝虛擬教學與考核系統(tǒng)演示 ...............................................................162
5.3.2　筆記本電腦的拆裝方法 .......................................................................................168
5.4 筆記本電腦的保養(yǎng)與升級 ...............................................................................................173
5.4.1　筆記本電腦的日常保養(yǎng)技巧 ...............................................................................173
5.4.2　保養(yǎng)筆記本電腦硬件 ...........................................................................................175
5.4.3　升級筆記本電腦硬件前的準備 ...........................................................................178
5.4.4　升級筆記本電腦硬件的注意事項 .......................................................................179
5.4.5　升級筆記本電腦硬件 ...........................................................................................179
單元測試 ....................................................................................................................................181
第六章　筆記本電腦故障的檢測與處理.........................................................................................182
6.1 筆記本電腦故障的分析 ...................................................................................................182
6.2 筆記本電腦故障的檢測方法 ...........................................................................................184
6.3 筆記本電腦故障的處理方法 ...........................................................................................186
6.3.1　CPU 故障的處理 ..................................................................................................186
6.3.2　主板故障的處理 ...................................................................................................189
6.3.3　硬盤故障的處理 ...................................................................................................191
6.3.4　內(nèi)存故障的處理 ...................................................................................................193
6.3.5　電池故障的處理 ...................................................................................................195
6.3.6　其他硬件故障的處理 ...........................................................................................197
單元測試 ....................................................................................................................................202
7.1 計算機網(wǎng)絡(luò)基礎(chǔ)知識 .......................................................................................................205
7.1.1　計算機網(wǎng)絡(luò)的功能 ...............................................................................................205
7.1.2　計算機網(wǎng)絡(luò)的組成 ...............................................................................................205
7.1.3　計算機網(wǎng)絡(luò)的分類 ...............................................................................................206
7.1.4　計算機網(wǎng)絡(luò)的傳輸介質(zhì) .......................................................................................206
7.1.5　計算機網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備 ...................................................................................................208
7.1.6　IP 地址 ...................................................................................................................212
7.1.7　互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的接入方式 ...............................................................................................213
7.2 計算機網(wǎng)絡(luò)接線 ...............................................................................................................215
7.2.1　計算機網(wǎng)絡(luò)接線的設(shè)置 .......................................................................................215
7.2.2　網(wǎng)絡(luò)雙絞線的制作 ...............................................................................................216
7.2.3　網(wǎng)絡(luò)模塊的端接原理和步驟 ...............................................................................217
單元測試 ....................................................................................................................................218
附錄A　單元測試答案 .....................................................................................................................219
參考文獻.............................................................................................................................................226