目錄
前言
縮略詞
A 細(xì)胞結(jié)構(gòu)與成像 (1)
A1 原核生物細(xì)胞結(jié)構(gòu) (1)
A2 真核生物細(xì)胞結(jié)構(gòu) (4)
A3 細(xì)胞骨架和分子馬達(dá) (9)
A4 生物成像 (18)
A5 細(xì)胞組分的分級分離 (24)
B 氨基酸與蛋白質(zhì) (29)
B1 氨基酸 (29)
B2 酸和堿 (33)
B3 蛋白質(zhì)的結(jié)構(gòu) (37)
B4 肌紅蛋白和血紅蛋白 (48)
B5 膠原蛋白 (56)
B6 蛋白質(zhì)的純化 (62)
B7 蛋白質(zhì)的電泳 (69)
B8 蛋白質(zhì)測序和肽的合成 (75)
C 酶 (83)
C1 酶學(xué)導(dǎo)論 (83)
C2 熱力學(xué) (91)
C3 酶促反應(yīng)動力學(xué) (96)
C4 酶的抑制作用 (102)
C5 酶活性的調(diào)節(jié) (105)
D 抗體 (113)
D1 免疫系統(tǒng) (113)
D2 抗體：概述 (117)
D3 抗體的合成 (122)
D4 作為工具的抗體 (127)
E 膜與細(xì)胞信號 (131)
E1 膜脂 (131)
E2 膜蛋白和糖 (138)
E3 小分子的轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn) (145)
E4 大分子的轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn) (151)
E5 信號轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo) (156)
E6 神經(jīng)功能 (167)
F DNA的結(jié)構(gòu)與復(fù)制 (173)
F1 DNA的結(jié)構(gòu) (173)
F2 基因和染色體 (178)
F3 細(xì)菌中DNA的復(fù)制 (183)
F4 真核生物中DNA的復(fù)制 (188)
G RNA合成與加工 (193)
G1 RNA的結(jié)構(gòu) (193)
G2 原核生物中基因的轉(zhuǎn)錄 (195)
G3 操縱子 (199)
G4 真核生物中的基因轉(zhuǎn)錄：概述 (206)
G5 真核生物中編碼蛋白質(zhì)基因的轉(zhuǎn)錄 (208)
G6 RNA聚合酶Ⅱ的轉(zhuǎn)錄調(diào)控 (212)
G7 真核生物mRNA前體的加工 (220)
G8 核糖體RNA (228)
G9 轉(zhuǎn)移RNA (235)
H 蛋白質(zhì)合成 (241)
H1 遺傳密碼 (241)
H2 原核生物中的翻譯 (245)
H3 真核生物中的翻譯 (254)
H4 蛋白質(zhì)靶向 (257)
H5 蛋白質(zhì)糖基化 (265)
I DNA重組技術(shù) (269)
I1 DNA新貌 (269)
I2 限制酶 (271)
I3 核酸雜交 (276)
I4 DNA克隆 (281)
I5 DNA測序 (286)
I6 聚合酶鏈?zhǔn)椒磻?yīng) (289)
J 糖代謝 (293)
J1 單糖和雙糖 (293)
J2 多糖和寡糖 (300)
J3 糖酵解 (304)
J4 糖異生作用 (315)
J5 磷酸戊糖途徑 (323)
J6 糖原代謝 (327)
J7 糖原代謝的調(diào)控 (330)
K 脂類代謝 (335)
K1 脂肪酸的結(jié)構(gòu)與作用 (335)
K2 脂肪酸分解 (339)
K3 脂肪酸合成 (346)
K4 三酰甘油 (352)
K5 膽固醇 (357)
K6 脂蛋白 (363)
L 呼吸和能量 (367)
L1 檸檬酸循環(huán) (367)
L2 電子傳遞和氧化磷酸化 (372)
L3 光合作用 (384)
M 氮代謝 (395)
M1 固氧作用和同化作用 (395)
M2 氨基酸代謝 (399)
M3 尿素循環(huán) (407)
M4 血紅素和葉綠素 (413)
CONTENTS
Abbreviations
Preface
Section A-Cell structure and imaging 1
A1 Prokaryote cell structure 1
A2 Eukaryote cell structure 4
A3 Cytoskeleton and molecular motors 9
A4 Bioimaging 18
A5 Cellular fractionation 24
Section B-Amino acids and proteins 29
B1 Amino acids 29
B2 Acids and bases 33
B3 Protein structure 37
B4 Myoglobin and hemoglobin 48
B5 Collagen 56
B6 Protein purification 62
B7 Electrophoresis of proteins 69
B8 Protein sequencing and peptide synthesis 75
Section C-Enzymes 83
C1 Introduction to enzymes 83
C2 Thermodynamics 91
C3 Enzyme kinetics 96
C4 Enzyme inhibition 102
C5 Regulation of enzyme activity 105
Section D-Antibodies 113
Dl The immune system 113
D2 Antibodies：an overview 117
D3 Antibody synthesis 122
D4 Antibodies as tools 127
Section E-Biomembranes and cell signaling 131
E1 Membrane lipids 131
E2 Membrane proteins and carbohydrate 138
E3 Transport of small molecules 145
E4 Transport of macromolecules 151
E5 Signal transduction 156
E6 Nerve function 167
Section F-DNA structure and replication 173
F1 DNA structure 173
F2 Genes and chromosomes 178
F3 DNA replication in bacteria 183
F4 DNA replication in eukaryotes 188
Section G-RNA synthesis and processing 193
G1 RNA structure 193
G2 Transcription in prokaryotes 195
G3 0perons 199
G4 Transcription in eukaryotes：an overview 206
G5 Transcription of protein-coding genes in eukaryotes 208
G6 Regulation of transcription by RNA Pol Ⅱ 212
G7 Processing of eukaryotic pre-mRNA 220
G8 Ribosomal RNA 228
G9 Transfer RNA 235
Section H-Protein synthesis 241
H1 The genetic code 241
H2 Translation in prokaryotes 245
H3 Translation in eukaryotes 254
H4 Protein targeting 257
H5 Protein glycosylation 265
Section I-Recombinant DNA technology 269
I1 The DNA revolution 269
I2 Restriction enzymes 271
I3 Nucleic acid hybridization 276
I4 DNA cloning 281
I5 DNA sequenang 286
I6 Polymerase chain reaction 289
Section J-Carbohydrate metabolism 293
J1 Monosaccharides and disaccharides 293
J2 Polysaccharides and oligosaccharides 300
J3 Glycolysis 304
J4 Gluconeogenesis 315
J5 Pentose phosphate pathway 323
J6 Glycogen metabolism 327
J7 Control of glycogen metabolism 330
Section K-Lipid metabolism 335
Kl Structures and roles of fatty acids 335
K2 Fatty acid breakdown 339
K3 Fatty acid synthesis 346
K4 Triacylglycerols 352
K5 Cholesterol 357
K6 Lipoproteins 363
Section L-Respiration and energy 367
L1 Citric acid cycle 367
L2 Electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation 372
L3 Photosynthesis 384
Section M-Nitrogen metabolism 395
M1 Nitrogen fixation and assimilation 395
M2 Amino acid metabolism 399
M3 The urea cycle 407
M4 Hemes and chlorophylls 413
Further Reading 419
Index 425