《<自然>學(xué)科經(jīng)典系列:化學(xué)的進(jìn)程》內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介:1892年 瑞利在從氮?dú)饷芏鹊臏y(cè)量中發(fā)現(xiàn)了第一個(gè)惰性氣體元素——?dú)?939年 邁特納和弗里施解釋了鈾核裂變1953年 沃森和克里克首次推斷出DNA的雙螺旋結(jié)構(gòu)1958年 肯德魯?shù)壤肵射線晶體學(xué)首次解析出了蛋白質(zhì)的結(jié)構(gòu)1974年 莫利納和羅蘭預(yù)言含氯氟烴將破壞臭氧層1985年 克羅托等發(fā)現(xiàn)了C60分子1992年 澤韋爾等通過超快化學(xué)動(dòng)力學(xué)展現(xiàn)了化學(xué)反應(yīng)的中間過程1994年 尼科拉烏等實(shí)現(xiàn)了抗癌藥物紫杉醇的全合成……
1873
Clerk Maxwell’s Kinetic Theory of Gases
克拉克· 麥克斯韋的氣體動(dòng)力學(xué)理論
1875
On the Dynamical Evidence of the Molecular Constitution ofBodies
關(guān)于物體分子構(gòu)成的動(dòng)力學(xué)證據(jù)
1892
Density of Nitrogen
氮?dú)獾拿芏?br>1897
An Undiscovered Gas
一種尚未發(fā)現(xiàn)的氣體
1911
The Number of Possible Elements and Mendeléeff’s“Cubic”PeriodicSystem
可能的元素?cái)?shù)目和門捷列夫“立方”元素周期系
1873
Clerk Maxwell’s Kinetic Theory of Gases
克拉克· 麥克斯韋的氣體動(dòng)力學(xué)理論
1875
On the Dynamical Evidence of the Molecular Constitution ofBodies
關(guān)于物體分子構(gòu)成的動(dòng)力學(xué)證據(jù)
1892
Density of Nitrogen
氮?dú)獾拿芏?/p>
1897
An Undiscovered Gas
一種尚未發(fā)現(xiàn)的氣體
1911
The Number of Possible Elements and Mendeléeff’s“Cubic”PeriodicSystem
可能的元素?cái)?shù)目和門捷列夫“立方”元素周期系
1913
Intra-atomic Charge
原子內(nèi)的電荷
The Structure of the Atom
原子結(jié)構(gòu)
1919
The Constitution of the Elements
元素的組成
1921
Atomic Structure
原子結(jié)構(gòu)
The Dimensions of Atoms and Molecules
原子和分子的尺度
Waves and Quanta
波與量子
1927
The Scattering of Electrons by a Single Crystal of Nickel
鎳單晶對(duì)電子的散射
1928
A New Type of Secondary Radiation
一種新型的二次輻射
1931
Protein Structure and Denaturation
蛋白質(zhì)的結(jié)構(gòu)與變性
1932
A Possible Hydrogen Isotope of Mass 2
氫可能具有質(zhì)量數(shù)為2的同位素
Crystal Structures of Vitamin D and Related Compounds
維生素D及其相關(guān)化合物的晶體結(jié)構(gòu)
Possible Existence of a Neutron
可能存在中子
Hexuronic Acid as the Antiscorbutic Factor
作為抗壞血病因子的己糖醛酸
1933
Disintegration of Light Elements by Fast Protons
快質(zhì)子引起的輕元素衰變
A Synthetic Oestrus-Exciting Compound
一種合成的催情化合物
Vitamin A in the Retina
視網(wǎng)膜中的維生素A
Oxygen Affinity of Muscle Haemoglobin
肌肉中血紅蛋白的氧親和力
1934
Artificial Production of a New Kind of Radio-Element
一種新放射性元素的人工制造
1935
Chemical Detection of Artificial Transmutation of Elements
元素人工嬗變的化學(xué)檢測(cè)
1939
Disintegration of Uranium by Neutrons: a New Type of NuclearReaction
由中子引起的鈾衰變:一類新型核反應(yīng)
Element 43
43 號(hào)元素
Liberation of Neutrons in the Nuclear Explosion of Uranium
鈾核爆炸時(shí)中子的釋放
Products of the Fission of the Uranium Nucleus
鈾核的裂變產(chǎn)物
Structure of Proteins
蛋白質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)
1940
Cancer-Producing Chemical Compounds
誘發(fā)癌癥的化合物
Separation of Uranium Isotopes
鈾同位素的分離
1945
Biphasic Action of Penicillin and Other SulphonamideSimilarity
青霉素與磺胺的類似性:兩相行為及其他
Mode of Action of Penicillin
青霉素的作用機(jī)制
Artificial Protein Fibres: Their Conception and Preparation
人造蛋白纖維:概念與制備
1951
Determination of the Absolute Configuration of Optically ActiveCompounds
by Means of X-Rays
用X射線方法測(cè)定光學(xué)活性化合物的絕對(duì)構(gòu)型
Evidence for the Pauling-Corey α-Helix in SyntheticPolypeptides
合成多肽中存在鮑林-科里α螺旋的證據(jù)
1953
A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid
脫氧核糖核酸的結(jié)構(gòu)
Molecular Structure of Deoxypentose Nucleic Acids
脫氧戊糖核酸的分子結(jié)構(gòu)
Molecular Configuration in Sodium Thymonucleate
胸腺核酸鈉鹽的分子構(gòu)型
1955
Man-Made Diamonds
人造金剛石
1956
Structure of Vitamin B12
維生素B12 的結(jié)構(gòu)
1958
A Three-Dimensional Model of the Myoglobin Molecule Obtained byX-Ray
Analysis
利用X射線分析獲得肌紅蛋白分子的三維模型
1961
General Nature of the Genetic Code for Proteins
蛋白質(zhì)遺傳密碼的普遍特征
1971
Polywater and Polypollutants
聚合水與聚合污染物
Pneumococci Insensitive to Penicillin
對(duì)青霉素不敏感的肺炎雙球菌
Synchrotron Radiation as a Source for X-Ray Diffraction
作為X射線衍射光源的同步輻射
Inhibition of Prostaglandin Synthesis as a Mechanism of Action forAspirin-like
Drugs
抑制前列腺素合成是阿司匹林樣藥物的一種作用機(jī)制
Indomethacin and Aspirin Abolish Prostaglandin Release from theSpleen
消炎痛和阿司匹林阻斷脾臟前列腺素的釋放
1972
Calcium Ions and Muscle Contraction
鈣離子與肌肉收縮
1973
On the Origin of Deuterium
氘的起源
1974
Stratospheric Sink for Chlorofluoromethanes: ChlorineAtom-Catalysed
Destruction of Ozone
氟氯甲烷的平流層匯:氯原子催化破壞臭氧過程
1975
Continuous Cultures of Fused Cells Secreting Antibody of PredefinedSpecificity
可分泌特異性抗體的融合細(xì)胞的連續(xù)培養(yǎng)
1977
Nucleotide Sequence of Bacteriophage ΦX174 DNA
噬菌體ΦX174 的DNA 核苷酸序列
1984
“Melting Ice”
I at 77 K and 10 kbar: a New Method of Making AmorphousSolids
77 K 和10 kbar 條件下的“熔融冰”I:制取無定形固體的一種新方法
1985
Three-Dimensional Structure of an Antigen-Antibody Complex at6
Resolution
6. 分辨率抗原-抗體復(fù)合物的三維結(jié)構(gòu)
Large Losses of Total Ozone in Antarctica Reveal SeasonalClOx/NOx
Interaction
南極臭氧總量大量損失揭示季節(jié)性ClOx/NOx的相互作用
C60: Buckminsterfullerene
C60 :巴克敏斯特富勒烯
Observation of Cold Nuclear Fusion in Condensed Matter
凝聚態(tài)物質(zhì)中觀察到的冷核聚變
Stratospheric Clouds and Ozone Depletion in the Arctic duringJanuary
1989
1989 年1月北極上空的平流層云與臭氧虧損
1990
Positioning Single Atoms with a Scanning TunnellingMicroscope
用掃描隧道顯微鏡定位單個(gè)原子
In vitro Selection of RNA Molecules that Bind SpecificLigands
結(jié)合特異配體的RNA 分子的體外篩選
Solid C60: a New Form of Carbon
固態(tài)C60 :碳的一種新形式
Light-Emitting Diodes Based on Conjugated Polymers
基于共軛聚合物的發(fā)光二極管
1991
Superconductivity at 18 K in Potassium-Doped C60
摻鉀的C60 在18 K 時(shí)的超導(dǎo)性
Synthesis from DNA of a Molecule with the Connectivity of aCube
用DNA 合成具有立方連接形式的分子
Transition from a Uniform State to Hexagonal and Striped TuringPatterns
從均勻態(tài)到六邊形和條狀圖靈斑圖的相變
A Low-Cost,
High-Efficiency Solar Cell Based on Dye-Sensitized Colloidal
TiO2 Films
一種價(jià)廉高效的基于染料敏化的膠體TiO2薄膜的太陽(yáng)能電池
Helical Microtubules of Graphitic Carbon
石墨碳的螺旋狀微管
1992
Femtosecond Laser Control of a Chemical Reaction
化學(xué)反應(yīng)的飛秒激光控制
Ordered Mesoporous Molecular Sieves Synthesized by aLiquid-Crystal
Template Mechanism
利用液晶模板機(jī)制合成的有序介孔分子篩
1993
Superconductivity above 130 K in the Hg-Ba-Ca-Cu-O System
Hg–Ba–Ca–Cu–O 體系在130 K 以上時(shí)的超導(dǎo)性
Cobalt-Catalysed Growth of Carbon Nanotubes withSingle-Atomic-Layer Walls
具有單原子層管壁的碳納米管的鈷催化生長(zhǎng)
1994
Total Synthesis of Taxol
紫杉醇的全合成
Chemical Self-Replication of Palindromic Duplex DNA
回文雙鏈DNA 的化學(xué)自我復(fù)制
Self-replication of Complementary Nucleotide-Based Oligomers
互補(bǔ)配對(duì)的寡聚核苷酸的自我復(fù)制
Structure at 2.8 . Resolution of F1 -ATPase from Bovine HeartMitochondria
分辨率2.8. 的牛心臟線粒體F1 -ATP 酶的結(jié)構(gòu)
1995
A Reaction-Diffusion Wave on the Skin of the Marine AngelfishPomacanthus
棘蝶魚(海天使魚)皮膚表面的反應(yīng)-擴(kuò)散波
Asymmetric Autocatalysis and Amplification of Enantiomeric Excessof a Chiral
Molecule
不對(duì)稱自催化與手性分子對(duì)映體過量值的放大
1996
A DNA-Based Method for Rationally Assembling Nanoparticles intoMacroscopic
Materials
一種基于DNA 將納米顆粒合理組裝成宏觀材料的方法
Organization of“Nanocrystal Molecules”Using DNA
利用DNA 來實(shí)現(xiàn)“納米晶分子”的組裝
1997
Chemical Properties of Element 106 (Seaborgium)
106 號(hào)元素的化學(xué)性質(zhì)
1998
Potent and Specific Genetic Interference by Double-Stranded RNAin
Caenorhabditis Elegans
秀麗線蟲體內(nèi)雙鏈RNA 強(qiáng)烈而特異性的基因干擾作用
Three-Dimensional Structure of the Plant Photosystem II
Reaction Centre at
8 . Resolution
分辨率8. 的植物光系統(tǒng)II反應(yīng)中心的三維結(jié)構(gòu)
A Homochiral Metal-Organic Porous Material for EnantioselectiveSeparation
and Catalysis
一種用于拆分與催化的同手性金屬-有機(jī)多孔材料
2001
Superconductivity at 39 K in Magnesium Diboride
二硼化鎂在39 K 時(shí)的超導(dǎo)性
2003
The Principle of Gating Charge Movement in a Voltage-DependentK+
Channel
電壓依賴性K+通道的門控電荷運(yùn)動(dòng)的原理
2004
Tomographic Imaging of Molecular Orbitals
分子軌道的層析成像
2006
Folding DNA to Create Nanoscale Shapes and Patterns
折疊DNA 以形成納米尺度的形狀和圖案
2007
Total Synthesis of Marine Natural Products without Using ProtectingGroups
不使用保護(hù)基的海洋天然產(chǎn)物全合成
Evidence for Wavelike Energy Transfer through Quantum Coherencein
Photosynthetic Systems
光合作用系統(tǒng)中通過量子相干實(shí)現(xiàn)波狀能量傳遞的證據(jù)
2010
Femtosecond Electronic Response of Atoms to Ultra-IntenseX-Rays
The Size of the Proton
質(zhì)子的大小
Atomically Precise Bottom-Up Fabrication of GrapheneNanoribbons
石墨烯納米帶的原子級(jí)精確的自下而上的制備
Following a Chemical Reaction Using High-HarmonicInterferometry
高次諧波干涉法跟蹤化學(xué)反應(yīng)