目錄
前言
第1章 緒論 1
1.1 引言 1
1.2 工程熱力裝置的動(dòng)態(tài)優(yōu)化現(xiàn)狀 2
1.2.1 活塞式加熱氣缸最優(yōu)膨脹規(guī)律 2
1.2.2 內(nèi)燃機(jī)活塞運(yùn)動(dòng)最優(yōu)路徑 3
1.2.3 光驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)活塞運(yùn)動(dòng)最優(yōu)路徑 5
1.3 商業(yè)機(jī)循環(huán)動(dòng)態(tài)優(yōu)化現(xiàn)狀 6
1.4 本書的主要工作及章節(jié)安排 7
第2章 活塞式加熱氣缸氣體最優(yōu)膨脹規(guī)律 9
2.1 引言 9
2.2 廣義輻射傳熱規(guī)律下加熱氣體的最優(yōu)膨脹 10
2.2.1 物理模型 10
2.2.2 優(yōu)化方法 11
2.2.3 特例分析 13
2.2.4 數(shù)值算例與討論 18
2.3 線性唯象傳熱規(guī)律下優(yōu)化結(jié)果的應(yīng)用 27
2.3.1 過程時(shí)間優(yōu)化 27
2.3.2 內(nèi)燃機(jī)輸出功率優(yōu)化 31
2.3.3 外燃機(jī)輸出功率優(yōu)化 40
2.4 廣義輻射傳熱規(guī)律下變熱導(dǎo)率加熱氣體最優(yōu)膨脹規(guī)律 44
2.4.1 物理模型 44
2.4.2 優(yōu)化方法 46
2.4.3 特例分析 49
2.4.4 數(shù)值算例與討論 53
2.5 本章小結(jié) 67
第3章 內(nèi)燃機(jī)活塞運(yùn)動(dòng)最優(yōu)路徑 70
3.1 引言 70
3.2 廣義輻射傳熱規(guī)律下Otto循環(huán)內(nèi)燃機(jī)最大輸出功 70
3.2.1 物理模型 70
3.2.2 傳統(tǒng)內(nèi)燃機(jī)活塞運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律 72
3.2.3 優(yōu)化方法 72
3.2.4 特例分析 77
3.2.5 數(shù)值算例與討論 78
3.3 廣義輻射傳熱規(guī)律下Diesel循環(huán)內(nèi)燃機(jī)最大輸出功 86
3.3.1 物理模型 86
3.3.2 優(yōu)化方法 87
3.3.3 特例分析 89
3.3.4 數(shù)值算例與討論 90
3.4 本章小結(jié) 98
第4章 光化學(xué)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)活塞運(yùn)動(dòng)最優(yōu)路徑 99
4.1 引言 99
4.2 廣義輻射傳熱規(guī)律下[A][B]型光驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)最大輸出功和最小熵產(chǎn)生 100
4.2.1 物理模型 100
4.2.2 優(yōu)化方法 103
4.2.3 特例分析 106
4.2.4 數(shù)值算例與討論 109
4.3 廣義輻射傳熱規(guī)律下[A][B]型光驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的最大生態(tài)學(xué)函數(shù) 119
4.3.1 優(yōu)化方法 119
4.3.2 特例分析 121
4.3.3 數(shù)值算例與討論 123
4.4 線性唯象傳熱規(guī)律下2SO3FS2O6F2型雙分子光驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)最大輸出功和最小熵產(chǎn)生 132
4.4.1 物理模型 132
4.4.2 優(yōu)化方法 135
4.4.3 數(shù)值算例與討論 138
4.5 傳熱規(guī)律對(duì)光驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)最大生態(tài)學(xué)函數(shù)最優(yōu)構(gòu)型的影響 144
4.5.1 物理模型 144
4.5.2 優(yōu)化方法 146
4.5.3 特例分析 148
4.5.4 數(shù)值算例與討論 149
4.6 本章小結(jié) 157
第5章 貿(mào)易過程和商業(yè)機(jī)循環(huán)動(dòng)態(tài)優(yōu)化 160
5.1 引言 160
5.2 有限低價(jià)經(jīng)濟(jì)庫(kù)內(nèi)可逆商業(yè)機(jī)最大利潤(rùn)輸出 160
5.2.1 物理模型 160
5.2.2 優(yōu)化方法 162
5.2.3 特例分析 163
5.2.4 數(shù)值算例與討論 167
5.3 多庫(kù)內(nèi)可逆商業(yè)機(jī)最大利潤(rùn)輸出 174
5.3.1 物理模型 174
5.3.2 優(yōu)化方法 175
5.3.3 數(shù)值算例與討論 178
5.4 本章小結(jié) 180
第6章 廣義機(jī)循環(huán)動(dòng)態(tài)優(yōu)化 182
6.1 引言 182
6.2 兩有限勢(shì)庫(kù)內(nèi)可逆廣義機(jī)最大廣義輸出 182
6.2.1 物理模型 182
6.2.2 優(yōu)化結(jié)果 184
6.2.3 應(yīng)用 185
6.3 存在旁通流漏的有限勢(shì)庫(kù)廣義機(jī)最大廣義輸出 188
6.3.1 物理模型 188
6.3.2 優(yōu)化結(jié)果 189
6.3.3 應(yīng)用 190
6.4 多無(wú)限廣義勢(shì)庫(kù)內(nèi)可逆廣義機(jī)最大廣義輸出率 193
6.4.1 物理模型 193
6.4.2 優(yōu)化方法 193
6.4.3 應(yīng)用 196
6.5 基于HJB理論的線性傳輸規(guī)律下多級(jí)廣義機(jī)系統(tǒng)最大廣義輸出率 198
6.5.1 物理模型 198
6.5.2 優(yōu)化問題的HJB方程 201
6.5.3 應(yīng)用 205
6.6 本章小結(jié) 209
第7章 全書總結(jié) 211
參考文獻(xiàn) 217
附錄A 最優(yōu)化理論概述 239
A.1 引言 239
A.2 靜態(tài)優(yōu)化 240
A.2.1 無(wú)約束函數(shù)極值優(yōu)化 240
A.2.2 僅含等式約束函數(shù)極值優(yōu)化 241
A.2.3 含不等式約束函數(shù)極值優(yōu)化 242
A.3 動(dòng)態(tài)優(yōu)化 243
A.3.1 古典變分法 244
A.3.2 極小值原理 249
A.3.3 動(dòng)態(tài)規(guī)劃 252
A.3.4 平均最優(yōu)控制理論 258
A.4 附錄A小結(jié) 260
附錄B 第6章相關(guān)公式推導(dǎo) 261
B.1 6.2節(jié)中定理的證明 261
B.1.1 歐拉-拉格朗日方程方法 261
B.1.2 平均最優(yōu)控制理論方法 262
B.2 6.3節(jié)中定理的證明 264
B.2.1 歐拉-拉格朗日方程方法 264
B.2.2 平均最優(yōu)控制理論方法 265
附錄C 主要符號(hào)說(shuō)明 267
Contents
Preface
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 The dynamic-optimization status of engineering thermodynamic plants 2
1.2.1 Optimal expansion of a heated working fluid in the piston-cylinder system 2
1.2.2 Optimal piston motion paths of internal combustion engines 3
1.2.3 Optimal piston motion paths of light-driven engines 5
1.3 The dynamic-optimization status of commercial engine cycles 6
1.4 The main work and chapters’ arrangement of this book 7
Chapter 2 Optimal Expansion of a Heated Gas in the Piston-Cylinder System 9
2.1 Introduction 9
2.2 Optimal expansion of the heated gas with generalized radiative heat transfer law 10
2.2.1 Physical model 10
2.2.2 Optimization method 11
2.2.3 Analysis for special cases 13
2.2.4 Numerical examples and discussions 18
2.3 Application of the optimization results with the linear phenomenological heat transfer law 27
2.3.1 Process duration optimization 27
2.3.2 Power output optimization of an internal combustion engine 31
2.3.3 Power output optimization of an external combustion engine 40
2.4 Optimal expansion of the heated gas with generalized radiative heat transfer law and variable heat conductivity 44
2.4.1 Physical model 44
2.4.2 Optimization method 46
2.4.3 Analysis for special cases 49
2.4.4 Numerical examples and discussions 53
2.5 Chapter summary 67
Chapter 3 Optimal Piston Motion Paths of Internal Combustion Engines 70
3.1 Introduction 70
3.2 Maximum work output of Otto-cycle internal combustion engines with generalized radiative heat transfer law 70
3.2.1 Physical model 70
3.2.2 Piston motion path of conventional internal combustion engines 72
3.2.3 Optimization method 72
3.2.4 Analysis for special cases 77
3.2.5 Numerical examples and discussions 78
3.3 Maximum work output of Diesel-cycle internal combustion engines with generalized radiative heat transfer law 86
3.3.1 Physical model 86
3.3.2 Optimization method 87
3.3.3 Analysis for special cases 89
3.3.4 Numerical examples and discussions 90
3.4 Chapter summary 98
Chapter 4 Optimal Piston Motion Paths of Light-Driven Engines 99
4.1 Introduction 99
4.2 Maximum work output and minimum entropy generation of [A][B] type light-driven engines with generalized radiative heat transfer law 100
4.2.1 Physical model 100
4.2.2 Optimization method 103
4.2.3 Analysis for special cases 106
4.2.4 Numerical examples and discussions 109
4.3 Maximum ecological function of [A][B] type light-driven engines with generalized radiative heat transfer law 119
4.3.1 Optimization method 119
4.3.2 Analysis for special cases 121
4.3.3 Numerical examples and discussions 123
4.4 Maximum work output and minimum entropy generation of type bimolecular, light-driven engines with linear phenomenological heat transfer law 132
4.4.1 Physical model 132
4.4.2 Optimization method 135
4.4.3 Numerical examples and discussions 138
4.5 Effect of heat transfer laws on the optimal configurations for the maximum ecological function of type bimolecular, light-driven engines 144
4.5.1 Physical model 144
4.5.2 Optimization method 146
4.5.3 Analysis for special cases 148
4.5.4 Numerical examples and discussions 149
4.6 Chapter summary 157
Chapter 5 Dynamic Optimization of Commercial Engine Cycles 160
5.1 Introduction 160
5.2 Maximum profit output of endoreversible commercial engines with a finite low-price economic reservoir 160
5.2.1 Physical model 160
5.2.2 Optimization method 162
5.2.3 Analysis for special cases 163
5.2.4 Numerical examples and discussions 167
5.3 Maximum profit output of a multi-reservoir endoreversible commercial engine 174
5.3.1 Physical model 174
5.3.2 Optimization method 175
5.3.3 Numerical examples and discussions 178
5.4 Chapter summary 180
Chapter 6 Dynamic Optimization of Generalized Engine Cycles 182
6.1 Introduction 182
6.2 Maximum generalized output of endoreversible generalized engines with two finite-potential-reservoirs 182
6.2.1 Physical model 182
6.2.2 Optimization results 184
6.2.3 Applications 185
6.3 Maximum generalized output of finite-potential-reservoir generalized engines with bypass flow leakage 188
6.3.1 Physical model 188
6.3.2 Optimization results 189
6.3.3 Applications 190
6.4 Maximum generalized output rate of endoreversible generalized engines with several infinite generalized-potential reservoirs 193
6.4.1 Physical model 193
6.4.2 Optimization results 193
6.4.3 Applications 196
6.5 Maximum generalized output rate of a multistage generalized engine system with linear transfer law by applying HJB theory 198
6.5.1 Physical model 198
6.5.2 The HJB equation of the optimization problem 201
6.5.3 Applications 205
6.6 Chapter summary 209
Chapter 7 Book summary 211
References 217
Appendix A An Overview of Optimization Theory 239
A.1 Introduction 239
A.2 Static optimization 240
A.2.1 Function extremum optimization with no constraint 240
A.2.2 Function extremum optimization with equality constraints 241
A.2.3 Function extremum optimization with inequality constraints 242
A.3 Dynamic optimization 243
A.3.1 Classical variational method 244
A.3.2 The minimum principle 249
A.3.3 Dynamic programming 252
A.3.4 Average optimal control theory 258
A.4 Appendix summary 260
Appendix B The Derivations for the Related Formulas in Chapter 6 261
B.1 The proof of theorem in Section 6.2 261
B.1.1 The method of Euler-Lagrange equation 261
B.1.2 The method of average optimal control theory 262
B.2 The proof of theorem in Section 6.3 264
B.2.1 The method of Euler-Lagrange equation 264
B.2.2 The method of average optimal control theory 265
Appendix C Nomenclature 267